types of ltm tulving Flashcards
what are declarative memories
explicity memories which can be inspected and recalled consciously - semantic and episodic
what is episodic memory
memory of autobiographical events such as time and places that can be explicitly stated so it is declarative. it is collection of past personal experiences occuring at a particular time and place
eg your 6th birthday party
what is semantic memory
sometimes called generic memory it refers to memory of meanings understandings and other concept based knowledge. semantic memory underlies consicous recollection of factual info and general knowledge. they are not time stamped but they are declarative eg words in french
what is procedural memory
memory for perfomance of particular types of actions or skills. procedual memory guides processes we perform and resides below conscious awareness. they are automatically retrieved and involve cognitive and motor skills. they are not time stamped and they are non-declarativeg tying shoe lace
(scout) strength - testability
p: scientific evidence captured from brain scans support view there are different types of ltm
e: for example when asking participants to recall different types of information different areas of the brain are shown to be active. for example ep mem is associated with hippocampus, sem with temporal lobe and procedural with cerebellum
t: high val
pete - strength se
p: case studies of brain damage patients offer support for different types of ltm.
e:eg clive wearing is a man who had a viral infection casuing him to suffer damage to his ltm. struggling to remmeber semantic and episodic memories however remembered procedural mem like playing piano.
t: provides evidence for theory high val
e: research into different ltm are typically conducted and conclusions are drawn for case studies (unique individuals) so research into clive wearing although highly detailed and have lots of info, are fundamentally isolated cases of one individuals ltm damage
limitation: opposing theory
pe: opposing theory into ltm types limiting its accuracy
e: cohen and squire argue semantic and episodic are grouped together in one ltm store - declarative and procedural is non declarative
t: lowers validity of theory
