types of injury Flashcards
1
Q
acute injury
A
- a sudden injury associated w/ a traumatic impact
- direct impact
2
Q
chronic injury
A
- a slowly developed injury associated w/ overuse
- due to repeated stress placed on a certain body part
3
Q
hard tissue injury
A
- involves damage to the bone, joint or cartilage
- includes fractures + dislocations
4
Q
soft tissue injury
A
- involves damage to skin, muscle, tendon or ligament
- includes tears, strains + sprains
5
Q
acute hard tissue injuries
A
- fractures
- dislocations
- sublaxations
6
Q
fractures - acute hard tissue injuries
A
- partial or complete break in a bone
- due to excessive force that overcomes the bones potential to flex
- either comes from DIRECT force (collision, object)
- or from INDIRECT force (falling or poor technique)
- Symptoms:
- pain at the fracture site
- swelling
- discolouration
7
Q
dislocations - acute hard tissue injuries
A
- the displacement of one bone from another out of their original position
- usually comes from either DIRECT force
- or INDIRECT force (a fall, pushing the joint past its extreme range of motion)
- Symptoms:
- loss of movement
- pain at site
- deformity/ swelling
- POP feeling
8
Q
subluxations - acute hard tissue injuries
A
- an incomplete or partial dislocation
- often causes damage to the ligaments
= connect bone to bone - overstretched ligaments can PERMANENTLY lengthen
= decreases STABILITY
= increases risk of dislocation
9
Q
acute soft injuries
A
- contusion/ haemotoma
- sPrain
- sTrain
- abrasion
- blisters
- concussion
10
Q
contusion/ haemotoma - acute soft injuries
A
- contusion = bruise
- area of skin/ tissue where the blood vessels have ruptured
- most heal rapidly w/ out a break in play or training
- severe contusion can cause deep tissue damage
= leads to haemotoma –> localised congealed bleeding from ruptured vessels - Symptoms:
- swelling
- discolouration
11
Q
sPrain - acute soft injuries
A
- overstretch or a tear in the ligament that connects bone to bone
- usually caused by a sudden twist, impact or fall
= forces joint beyond its extreme range of motion - 1st degree = few lig fibres overstretched
- 2nd degree = partial tear
- 3rd degree = total rupture/ detachment
- symptoms:
- pain
- swelling
- discolouration
- inability to bear weight
12
Q
sTrain - acute soft injuries
A
- overstretch or a tear in the tendon that connects muscle to bone
- usually caused by overstretching a particular area/ contracting the muscle fibres too quickly
- most common in dynamic/ explosive movements
- grade 1 = minor damage to fibres
- grade 2 = more extensive but not ruptured
- grade 3 = complete rupture/ surgery needed
- symptoms:
- pain
- swelling
- discolouration
- inability to wear weight
13
Q
abrasion - acute soft injuries
A
- superficial damage to the skin caused by a scraping action against a surface
- if causing an open wound = may contain dirt + require cleaning
- laceration = cut in the skin, may need stitching
14
Q
blisters - acute soft injuries
A
- friction forming separation of layers of skin where a pocket of fluid forms
= painful but don’t stop participation
15
Q
concussion - acute soft injuries
A
- a traumatic brain injury
- leading to a disturbance of brain function
- symptoms:
- headache
- dizziness
- balance problems
- nausea
- potential loss of consciousness
