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A2 - pe physiological > injury prevention > Flashcards

injury prevention Flashcards

1
Q

SALTAPS

A

assessing sporting injuries:
See
Ask
Look
Touch
Active
Passive
Strength

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2
Q

PRICE

A

acute management of soft tissue injuries:
Protection
Rest
Ice
Compression
Elevation

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3
Q

S - SALTAPS

A
  • SEE
  • stop the game if a player is injured
  • observe the injury
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4
Q

A - SALTAPS

A
  • ASK
  • ask questions about the injury
  • e.g. where does it hurt? where did you fall?
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5
Q

L- SALTAPS

A
  • LOOK
  • search for specific signs
  • e.g. bruising, swelling, bleeding etc..
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6
Q

T - SALTAPS

A
  • TOUCH
  • gently touch the injured area
  • to identify painful regions + inflammation
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7
Q

A - SALTAPS

A
  • ACTIVE MOVEMENT
  • ask the player whether they can move the injured area w/ out assistance
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8
Q

P - PRICE

A
  • PASSIVE MOVEMENT
  • if there is active movement
  • gently move the injured area through its full ROM
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9
Q

S - SALTAPS

A
  • STRENGTH TESTING
  • ask the player to stand, lift or put pressure on injured area if they can
  • ask them if they feel able to continue playing
  • continue to observe movement closely
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10
Q

P - PRICE

A
  • PROTECTION
  • protect the injury + person from further damage
  • e.g. using support, splints, crutches
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11
Q

R - PRICE

A
  • REST
  • allow the injury time to heal + prevent further damage
  • playing can increase recovery time
  • may need crutches if need to remain mobile
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12
Q

I - PRICE

A
  • ICE
  • apply ice indirectly to skin
    = reduce inflammation + pain + swelling
  • 10 mins/ 60 mins = no more than 20 mins
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13
Q

C - PRICE

A
  • COMPRESS
  • compressing the injury w/ stretch bandage
    = helps reduce swelling + movement
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14
Q

E - PRICE

A
  • ELEVATE
  • raise the injury above heart level
  • to reduce blood flow to area
    = reduces swelling
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15
Q

6 R’s

A

Recognise
Remove
Refer
Rest
Recover
Return

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16
Q

1st R - 6 R’s

A
  • RECOGNISE
  • parents, players, coaches, officials
    = all should be aware of signs + symptoms of concussion
17
Q

2nd R - 6 R’s

A
  • REMOVE
  • remove player from field of play
  • if they have a concussion or suspected concussion
18
Q

3rd R - 6 R’s

A
  • REFER
  • player should be referred to medical profession immediately
19
Q

4th R - 6 R’s

A
  • REST
  • players must rest from exercise until symptom free
20
Q

5th R - 6 R’s

A
  • RECOVER
  • players must fully recover before returning to play
  • adults take min of 1 week
  • U18s two weeks
21
Q

6th R - 6 R’s

A
  • RETURN
  • safe return = player must be symptom free
  • have written authorisation to play
22
Q

rehabilitation

A
  • the process of restoring full physical function after an injury has occurred
23
Q

treatment of simple + stress fractures + dislocation + sprain + torn cartilage = more or less same for all of them

A
  • medical attention
  • PRICE to reduce swelling
  • immobilisation using splint, crutches etc..
  • rest
  • anti-inflammatory + pain meds
  • more severe will require surgery to realign bones w/ nails, pins etc..
  • healing takes several weeks
  • physiotherapy will strengthen the connective tissue around the join
  • hydrotherapy
  • knee brace
  • realigning + pin
  • mobility exercises

= improve flexibility + mobility

24
Q

treatment of exercise-induced muscle damage

A
  • cold therapy
  • massage
  • stretching techniques
  • anti-inflammatory + pain meds
25
Q

treatments

A
  • stretching
  • massage
  • heat, cold + contrast therapies
  • anti-inflammatory drugs
  • physiotherapy
  • surgery
26
Q

stretching - treatments

A

acute phase:
- no stretching within first 3 days
mid phase:
- gentle static + passive stretching
- connective tissues lightly moved + allow lengthen
- as swelling + inflammation has reduced
later phase:
- PNF stretching + static, passive stretching
- increase ROM + strengthen connective tissue
long term:
- active + dynamic stretching used

27
Q

massage - treatments

A
  • deep muscle therapy
  • stretch tissues, releasing tension + pressure, improves elasticity
  • reduce pain + generate heat + circulation
  • relaxation
  • break down scar tissue from previous injury
28
Q

heat, cold + contrast therapy - treatments

A

cold:
- applying ice or cold to an injury to reduce swelling = therapeutic
= risk of too long, skin abrasion, ice burns
- ice bath for 10 mins
- apply ice
heat:
- applying heat to an injury to increase blood flow
= increase vasodilation + increase blood flow
= reduce muscle tension, stiffness + pain
= risk of pain for acute injury
- heat packs
- hot towels
contrast:
- alternating cold + heat for therapeutic effect
= limited benefit compared to cold therapy

29
Q

anti-inflammatory drugs - treatments

A
  • non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs
  • medication taken to reduce inflammation, temperature + pain following an injury
  • speed up recovery
30
Q

physiotherapy - treatments

A
  • using methods of mobilisation = help joints + tissue
  • massage = stretch + relax tissues, increase circulation etc..
  • exercise therapy = strengthen muscles
31
Q

surgery - treatments

A

arthroscopy:
- keyhole surgery
- minimally invasive surgery to repair damage within a join
- small incision made + tiny camera used
= suffer less pain
= less risk of infection
= faster initial recovery time
open surgery:
- under general + local anaesthetic
- incision made
= stronger repair
= but risk of abive

A2 - pe physiological (13 decks)

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