Types of Immunity - 19/12/23

Question 1

What are the two types of Immunity?
[2]

Answer 1

• Active
• Passive

Question 2

What is Active Immunity?

Answer 2

When immune system directly stimulates antibody production in response to prescence of antigen

Question 3

What is Passive Immunity?

Answer 3

Immunity you get from being given antibodies from people and animals (and unable to produce your own)

Question 4

What are the two types within Passive and Active Immunity?

Answer 4

• Natural
• Artificial

Question 5

What are the 4 types of Immunity?
[4]

Answer 5

1. Active Natural Immunity
2. Active Artifical Immunity
3. Passive Natural Immunity
4. Passive Artificial Immunity

Question 6

How is Active Natural Immunity acquired and what is it’s duration?

Answer 6

• Immunity arises after being naturally exposed to antigen (getting disease)
• Memory cells develop to make long-lasting immunity

Question 7

How is Passive Natural acquired and what is it’s duration?

Answer 7

• When immunity is acquired after transfer of antibodies from mother to baby via placenta and breast milk
• No memory cells develop so immunity is short - lasts few months

Question 8

How is Active Artificial Immunity acquired and what is it’s duration?

Answer 8

• When you become immune after recieveing a vaccine
• Memory cells develop to produce long-lasting immunity

Question 9

How is Passive Artificial Immunity acquired and what is it’s duration?

Answer 9

• When you get immunity after injection with antibodies from someone else
• No memory cells develop so immunity is short-term and only lasts a few months

Question 10

What are two advantages of Passive Immunity?
[2]

Answer 10

• Doesn’t need exposure to antigen
• Protection is immediate

Question 11

What are two disadvantages of Passive Immunity?
[2]

Answer 11

• Memory cells aren’t produced
• Protection is short-term because antibodies given are broken down

Question 12

What are two advantages of Active Immunity?
[2]

Answer 12

• Memory cells are produced
• Protection is long-term because antibody is produced in response to complementary antigen being present in body

Question 13

What are disadvantages of Active Immunity?
[2]

Answer 13

• Requires exposure to pathogen
• Took a while for protection to develop

Question 14

What are differences between Active and Passive Immunity?
[4]

Answer 14

1. Active - needs exposure to pathogen. Passive - doesn’t.
2. Active - takes while for protection to develop. Passive - Protection immediate
3. Active - Memory cells produced. Passive - no memory cells produced
4. Active - protection is long term. Passive - protection is short term

Question 15

What is a positive and negative of Artificial active immunity?

Answer 15

• Positive = long lasting immunity without suffering from disease
• Negative = you need to get a vaccine

Question 16

What is a positive and negative of Natural Active Immunity?

Answer 16

• Positive = long lasting
• Negative = have to be injected by pathogens