Types of experiments

Question 1

What is a Laboratory experiment

Answer 1

• conducted-highly controlled conditions
• experimenter controls enviromental factors-(noise & temperature)
• using standardisted procedure
• IV is manipulated by researcher between conditions of experiment
• Variables that could change DV are kept consistent between conditions

Question 2

Give a strength of Laborartory experiments

Answer 2

• High control over extraneous & cofounding variables
• By holding variables outside of IV & DV consistent researcher can establish-cause & effect relationship between changes in IV & observed diff in DV
• high internal validity -means observed change in DV due to change in IV
• LAB studies-reolicated due to use of standardidsed procedure

Question 3

Give a limitation of Laboratory experiments

Answer 3

• Lack ecological validity-high degree of control makes situation artficial to real life
• Tasks performed in lab -dont reflect tasks in real life situation thus lack mundane realism lowering external validity
• parrticpants aware in study-may alter behaviour due to demand characteristics(change behaviour to match aim)

Question 4

What are field experiments

Answer 4

Conducted in naturalistic setting-with varaibles still controlled
locations e.g shops,work & school
IV is changed by researcher between conditions of experiment & meaures difference in DV

Question 5

Give a strength of Field experiments

Answer 5

• Naturalitic setting-high ecological validity
• high mundane realism-enviroment natural so they produce behaviour more valid to real life situations
• if particpanats unaware being stufied-high external valdiity & no demand characteristics

Question 6

Give a limitation of field experiments

Answer 6

• Lack control over extraneous & cofounding variables-could influence meaurement of DV-replication not possible
• ETHICAL concerns-if participants unaware they studied-cannot consent-invasion if privacy

Question 7

What are Natural experiments

Answer 7

two levels of DV occured naturally(real world) without influence of researcher
Researcher records change in DV between two levels of IV
Natural expeirments-happen when event causes ppl to fall into levels of IV
e.g event like distater or political decisions
The IV not changed by researcher between conditions of experiment.Changes in DV still measured but other variables that could change DV-cannot be controlled

Question 8

give a strength of Natural experiments

Answer 8

• provide opportunities for research in areas that could not of took place in for practical & ethical reasons
• High in external validity as they study real world issues a sthey happen
• No demand characteristics

Question 9

Give a limitation of Natural experiments

Answer 9

• Narural occuring event difficult to replicate
• difficult to randomise

Question 10

Give a limitation of Quasi experiments

Answer 10

Natural occuring events happen rarely-reducing opportunities for research-cannot be replicated
As these events will happen regarless -Extraneous variables cannot be controlled-cant establish cause & effect relationship

Question 11

What is a Quasi experiment

Answer 11

Participants cannot be randomly assigned between levels of IV
As IV based on existing differences between people(e.g age,gender)
The IV already exists in particpants so they cant be randomised between conditions of experiment
The differences in DV is measured
Other variables that could change DV kept constant

Question 12

What is a Strength of Quasi Experiment

Answer 12

Only method to study factors that are pre-existing Characteristics of Participants
Often carrieds out -controllled conditions-highly replicable
high internal valdity

Question 13

What is a limitation of Quasi Experiments

Answer 13

Cannot randomly allocate participants to conditions-cofounding variables