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Psychology Research methods > Observational techniques > Flashcards

Observational techniques Flashcards

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1
Q

A01 Define

Observation

A
  • Non experimental method
  • Researcher watches & records natural behaviour of participants without manipulating levls of IV
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2
Q

A01 define

Controlled Observation

A
  • Watching & recording behaviour within structured enviromente.g lab setting
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3
Q

A03

Outline strength of Controlled Observations

A
  • Researchers able to focus on particular aspects of behaviour
  • control over cofounding & extraneous variables
  • Replicable
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4
Q

A03

Outline Limitation of Contolled Observations

A
  • Artificiallity of method-results in unnatural behaviour
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5
Q

What is a Naturalistic Observation

A
  • Takes place in real world setting that particpnts likely to spend time in e.g school,work in homes
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6
Q

Outline a strength of Naturalistic Observations

A
  • High realism-particpants likely show natural behaviour
  • High external validity-done in natural enviroment, thus can be generalisable
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7
Q

Outline one limitation of Naturalistic Observations

A
  • Low ecological validity if particpanats aware bwing watched
  • Replication can be difficult
  • Uncontrolled extraneous & cofounding variables present
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8
Q

What is a Overt Observation?

A
  • Participants can see researcher & aware their behaviour is observed
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9
Q

What is a strength of Overt Observation

A
  • Ethical as informed consent is given
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10
Q

What is a Limitation of Overt Observation

A
  • Demand characteristics are likely, as participants know they are being observed
  • social desirability bias
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11
Q

What is a covert Observation?

A

Participants are not aware they are being observed

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12
Q

What is a strength of Covert Observation

A
  • As participants unaware they are being observed
  • Show naturalistic behaviour-high internal validiry
  • free from demand characteristics/social desirability bias
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13
Q

What is a Limitation of Covert Observation

A
  • Ethical issues presented
  • no informed consent given
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14
Q

What is Participant Observation

A

Researcher becomes member of the group whose bahviour is observed

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15
Q

What is a strength of Participant Observation

A
  • By taking part in research-can build rapport
  • More insightful
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16
Q

What is limitation of Particpant Observation

A
  • Researcher may lose objectivity as may identify too strongly with participants
  • interpretation of behaviour-biased
17
Q

What is non participant Observation

A

The researcher observes from a distance-not part of the group being observed

18
Q

What is a strength of non participant Observation

A
  • Researcher likely to remain Objective in their interpretation of participants observation
19
Q

What is a limitation of non participant Observation

A
  • Due to lack of trust/rapport researcher misses out important insights
  • open to observer bias

Psychology Research methods (11 decks)

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