Experimental method Flashcards
Define
Experimental method
Involves the manipulation of the independent variable(IV) to meaure the effect on dependent variable (DV)
What is an Aim
General statement of what the researcher intends to investigate/purpose
A01
What is a hypothesis
- Precise staement that states the relationship between the variables being investigated.
- hypothesis can be non-directional or directional
*
Directional hypothesis
States the difference in the measurement of the DV & states the direction the results will go
e.g the more sleep a participant has the better their memeory performance
Non directional hypothesis
States the difference in the measurement of the DV but not the direction the results will go
e.g the** difference ** in amount of hours of sleep participant has will have an effect on their memory performance
What is a dependet variable(DV)
Variable that is measured
any effect on DV should be caused by change in IV
What is a Independent Variable(IV)
refers to aspects of the enviroment that have been changed(manipulated) by researcher to have an effect on the DV which is then measured
Define
Operationalisation
Clearly defining variables in terms of how they can be meaured
What are extraneous variables
Any other variable that is not the IV that affects DV & does not vary sytematically with IV
What are cofounding variables
Variable other than IV that affects DV & they change sytematically with IV
These variables make it difficult for researchers to be sure of impact of DV
What are investigator effects
refers to any unwated influence from the researchers behaviour, either conscious/unconscious on the DV measured
Factors such as-design of study,selection of participants & interaction with each participant during research.
What is randomisation?
Is the use of chance to reduce the effects of bias from investigator effects
What is standardisation?
Using the exact the same formalised procedure & instructions for every single participant involved in research process.
