Types Of Bones

Question 0

Long bones

Answer 0

Long, cylindrical shad and irregular or widened ends.

Shaped like a beam.

Compact bone tissue for strength and stiffness.
Spongy tissue for shock absorption

Ex: humerus, femur

Question 1

Type

Answer 1

5 major types

Shape, size, & proportion of bone tissue determine classification

Question 2

Epiphysis

Answer 2

The end of the long bone, composes of cancellous bone & house red bone marrow for blood cell production.

Primary sites of bone growth

Question 3

Diaphysis

Answer 3

Shaft portion of a long bone

Question 4

Epiphyseal plate

Answer 4

Region of long bone connecting the diaphysis to the epiphysis.

Cartilaginous cells in which growth in length of the diaphysis occurs

Question 5

Periosteum

Answer 5

Dense membrane composed of fibrous connective tissue that closely wraps all bone, except the articulating surface of the joint.

Provides materials for nutrition repair and facilitates growth in bone

Question 6

Medullary cavity

Answer 6

The central cavity of the bone shafts where marrow is stored.

Fatty yellow marrow (fat) serves as energy reserve

Question 7

Articular (hyaline) cartilage

Answer 7

Cartilage that covers the articular surfaces of bones.

Articular surface = parts of the bone that the joint moves.
Along w/ synovial fluid helps reduce friction - smooth joint action

Question 8

Short bones

Answer 8

Similar in length and width, somewhat cubical in shape.

Consist of spongy bone tissue to maximize shock absorption

(Carpels of hands and feet)

Question 9

Flat bones

Answer 9

Thin & protective.

Provide broad attachment site for muscles.

(Scapulae, patella)

Question 10

Irregular bones

Answer 10

Unique shape and function

Vertebrae, pelvic bones, facial bones

Question 11

Sesamoid bones

Answer 11

Small bones embedded in a joint capsule or found where tendons passes over a joint.

• improve leverage and protect joint from damage.

(Patella)

Question 12

Depressions

Answer 12

Flattened of indented portions of bone.
Which can be muscle attachment sites.
Indents, grooves

Question 13

Processes

Answer 13

Projections protruding from bone where muscles, tendons & ligaments can attach

Where there is a depression on both sides, there will generally be a processes.

Question 14

Surface markings

Answer 14

Specific distinguishing structures on bones

• increase stability in joint and provide attachment sites for muscles