types of attentional focus

Question 1

informational processing approachs

Answer 1

single channel
variable channel
multiple pools approach

Question 2

three process

Answer 2

attentional selectivity - spotlight
attentional capacity
attentional alertness

Question 3

adaptivity of selective attention

Answer 3

more proficient = more automatic control

Question 4

attentional capacity factors

Answer 4

limited amount we can process
controlled processing - mental processing including conscious attention and awareness
automatic processing - mental processing without conscious awareness

Question 5

attentional alertness factors

Answer 5

increases in emotional arousal (narrower)
reduction in range of cues considered
stress = decrease ability to respond to peripheral stimuli
loses sensitivity to peripheral cues (perceptual narrowing)

Question 6

attentional control theory

Answer 6

top down processing goal directed (identify using existing knowledge to guide senses)
bottom up stimulus driven (representation built up from visual info)
anxiety

Question 7

anxiety affect on attentional control

Answer 7

impaires goal directed attentional system so influenced more by stimulus driven system (bottom up)

Question 8

visual attentional control in penalty kicks

Answer 8

2 conditions
low threat = no instruction
high = prize money and leaderboard
anxiety cause by high threat = closer to centre of goal (14cm), more fixations (25%) and longer fixations (56% longer)

Question 9

reinvestment theory

Answer 9

inward focus of attention to consciously control movements by processing explicit knowledge of how its performed

Question 10

reinvestment theory under pressure

Answer 10

consciously focus attention on process of task and disrupt to normal auto processing

Question 11

reinvestment theory measurement

Answer 11

reinvestment scale
higher reinvestment = performance decreases under pressure

Question 12

eye movement patterns and focus of attention

Answer 12

expert = more focused

Question 13

4 types of attentional focus

Answer 13

broad
narrow
internal
external

Question 14

recognising attention problems

Answer 14

inappropriate attention focus
distracted by thoughts

Question 15

internal distracters

Answer 15

from within
attending to past events
attending future events

Question 16

chocking under pressure

Answer 16

attentional process leads to impaired performance
inability to retain control over performance without assistance

Question 17

process of chocking

Answer 17

condition = important comp
causes
physical and attentional changes eg hr narrow focus etc
causes
impaired performance eg muscle tightens, rush

Question 18

influence of anxiety on attentional control in free throw

Answer 18

low and high anxiety conditions
high = reduced quiet eye (measure of attentional control)

Question 19

soccer players and chocking in shootout

Answer 19

miss = lose game (negative shots)
miss = tied (neutral)
goal = win (positive)
avoidance behaviour = looking away from goalie or taking quickly
more avoidance with negative and 30% fewer goals

Question 20

overanalyses on body mechanics

Answer 20

focusing too much on body mechanisms and movement
when learning new skill = internal focus
learned = automatic
performance decreases when experts focus on the task

Question 21

skill focused attention can disrupt movements study

Answer 21

dribbling through cones
skill focused = monitor part of foot contacting there ball
dual task = auditory monitoring for target word
novice = better on skill focused, expert on dual

Question 22

fatigue affect on attention

Answer 22

concentration lost
reduces amount of processing