goal setting

Question 1

types of goals

Answer 1

long, medium and short term
general and specific
difficult, moderate and easy
public and private
outcome, performance, process

Question 2

Pinder, 1984

Answer 2

Goal setting theory has demonstrated more scientific validity to date than any other theory or approach to work motivation

Question 3

Ninety percent of the studies showed positive or partially positive effects

Answer 3

Locke 81

Question 4

Locke & Latham, 1985

Answer 4

We believe that goal setting could work even better in sports… since the measurement of an individual’s performance… is typically easier

Question 5

issues with goal setting

Answer 5

methodological eg small sample
individual characteristics eg already motivated

Question 6

new directions Locke and Latham 06

Answer 6

• Goalchoice
• Learninggoals
• Framing
• Affect
• Groupgoals
• Traits
• MacroLevel
• Subconsciouspriming

Question 7

Kyllo and Landers 95

Answer 7

Meta-analysis of goal setting research in sport 36 studies, 136 effect sizes
Calculated “effect sizes”:
SMALL effect: 0.2 MEDIUMeffect: 0.5 LARGE effect: 0.8

Question 8

principles of goal setting

Answer 8

should be specific
should be difficult
long term should combine short term
make them public
involve performer
focus on performance / process

Question 9

team goal setting Durbudas Martin and Koruc 2020

Answer 9

• 75 basketball players (6 teams)
• 3 intervention and 3 control
• Pre mid and post season questionnaires (Cohesion, climate and manipulation check)
• Perceptions of cohesion decreased for intervention group
• Significant mediating effect of climate on cohesion
• Coach commitment to intervention decreased over time
• Control group participated in TB activity
• Performance was better across control groups

Question 10

team goal setting Durbudas Martin and Koruc 2020

Answer 10

• 75 basketball players (6 teams)
• 3 intervention and 3 control
• Pre mid and post season questionnaires (Cohesion, climate and manipulation check)
• Perceptions of cohesion decreased for intervention group
• Significant mediating effect of climate on cohesion
• Coach commitment to intervention decreased over time
• Control group participated in TB activity
• Performance was better across control groups

Question 11

how goal setting influence performance

Answer 11

direct attention
effort mobilisation
persistence
develop new learning strategies