Types and methods of practice/presenting

Question 1

Massed practice positives

Answer 1

• useful for continous skills
• useful for those with high fitness and motivation levels
• allows motor programmes to be stored
• good for imprving fitness

Question 2

Massed practice negatives

Answer 2

• can become repetitie and tedious
• should not be used during dangerous skills
• can be hard to focus for long periods

Question 3

massed practice example

Answer 3

practising dribbling in football by continously running through cones

Question 4

distributed practice positives

Answer 4

• useful for those with low fitness and motivation
• useful for complex skills which would benefit from discussion
• useful for discrete skills

Question 5

distributed practice negatives

Answer 5

• can be time consuming
• breaks can be unnecesarry for experienced atheletes

Question 6

distrubted practice example

Answer 6

learning a gymnastics routine by stopping to discuss each subroutine

Question 7

mental practice positives

Answer 7

• can allow the preformer to build up their confidence by imagining sucsessful preformance
• useful for controlling arousal
• a good technique for novices

Question 8

mental practice negatives

Answer 8

• not as useful as physical practice when used alone
• limited effect for simple skills

Question 9

mental practice example

Answer 9

• imagining yourself preform sucsesssful penalty flicks in hockey before attmepting to preform one

Question 10

varied practice positives

Answer 10

• enviroment and situation can be changed by the coach, preparing the preformer for various match conditions
• improves selective attention
• useful for open skills
• makes traning more interesting

Question 11

varied practice negtives

Answer 11

• often requires learning using a fixed method first
• time consuming
• difficult for novice preformers who find it hard to make decisions
• cant be used for closed skills

Question 12

varied practice example

Answer 12

practising an attacking move in rugby against different defensive lines

Question 13

Whole Practice example

Answer 13

learning the triple jump by preforming the three key components (hop,skip,jump) together

Question 14

whole practice advantages

Answer 14

• usful for continous skills
• promotes kinasthetic awareness
• appropriate for low orgnisation skills

Question 15

whole practice disadvantages

Answer 15

• can overload novice preformer
• difficult to learn complex skills this way

Question 16

Whole-part-whole example

Answer 16

practising all three stages of the triple jump together and then learning the hop, skip and then jump individually before combining them all together

Question 17

whole-part-whole advantages

Answer 17

• useful for serial skills
• enables some kinasthetic feel
• useful for complex skills which can be clearly seperates into individual subroutines

Question 18

whole-part-whole disadvantages

Answer 18

• can reduce kinasthetic understanding of skills
• time consuming
• not useful for highly organised skills

Question 19

progressive-part practice example

Answer 19

learning the triple jump by practising the hop, then the sip, then the hop + skip, then the jump, then the hop + skip + jump

Question 20

progressive-part practice advantages

Answer 20

• useful for highly organised skills
• useful for serial skills
• aids correct timing for each subroutine
• enables understanding of how the subroutines interact

Question 21

progressive-part disadvantages

Answer 21

• disjointed feel to the skill
• can make the skill flow less effectively