Types and methods of practice/presenting Flashcards
Massed practice positives
- useful for continous skills
- useful for those with high fitness and motivation levels
- allows motor programmes to be stored
- good for imprving fitness
Massed practice negatives
- can become repetitie and tedious
- should not be used during dangerous skills
- can be hard to focus for long periods
massed practice example
practising dribbling in football by continously running through cones
distributed practice positives
- useful for those with low fitness and motivation
- useful for complex skills which would benefit from discussion
- useful for discrete skills
distributed practice negatives
- can be time consuming
- breaks can be unnecesarry for experienced atheletes
distrubted practice example
learning a gymnastics routine by stopping to discuss each subroutine
mental practice positives
- can allow the preformer to build up their confidence by imagining sucsessful preformance
- useful for controlling arousal
- a good technique for novices
mental practice negatives
- not as useful as physical practice when used alone
- limited effect for simple skills
mental practice example
- imagining yourself preform sucsesssful penalty flicks in hockey before attmepting to preform one
varied practice positives
- enviroment and situation can be changed by the coach, preparing the preformer for various match conditions
- improves selective attention
- useful for open skills
- makes traning more interesting
varied practice negtives
- often requires learning using a fixed method first
- time consuming
- difficult for novice preformers who find it hard to make decisions
- cant be used for closed skills
varied practice example
practising an attacking move in rugby against different defensive lines
Whole Practice example
learning the triple jump by preforming the three key components (hop,skip,jump) together
whole practice advantages
- usful for continous skills
- promotes kinasthetic awareness
- appropriate for low orgnisation skills
whole practice disadvantages
- can overload novice preformer
- difficult to learn complex skills this way
Whole-part-whole example
practising all three stages of the triple jump together and then learning the hop, skip and then jump individually before combining them all together
whole-part-whole advantages
- useful for serial skills
- enables some kinasthetic feel
- useful for complex skills which can be clearly seperates into individual subroutines
whole-part-whole disadvantages
- can reduce kinasthetic understanding of skills
- time consuming
- not useful for highly organised skills
progressive-part practice example
learning the triple jump by practising the hop, then the sip, then the hop + skip, then the jump, then the hop + skip + jump
progressive-part practice advantages
- useful for highly organised skills
- useful for serial skills
- aids correct timing for each subroutine
- enables understanding of how the subroutines interact
progressive-part disadvantages
- disjointed feel to the skill
- can make the skill flow less effectively
