Types And Methods Of Practice

Question 1

What are the types and methods of practice?

Answer 1

Part

Whole

Whole-part-whole

Progressive part

Massed

Distributed

Fixed

Varied

Question 2

Part practice

Answer 2

Working on an isolated subroutine with the aim of perfecting it

Question 3

Whole practice

Answer 3

Teaching the skill as a whole without breaking it down into subroutines

Question 4

Whole-part-whole practice

Answer 4

Practising the whole skill, then practising a sub-routine in isolation, then practising the whole skill again

Question 5

Progressive part practice

Answer 5

Skills are broken down into subroutines

Performer learns one, then a second and then practises these, then further links are added, known as chaining

A-B-AB-C-ABC

Question 6

Chaining

Answer 6

Joining together links of subroutines

Question 7

Massed practice

Answer 7

Practice session with short/no rest intervals

Question 8

Distributed practice

Answer 8

Practice sessions that include rest intervals

Question 9

Fixed practice

Answer 9

A specific movement pattern is practised repeatedly in a stable environment

Question 10

Varied practice

Answer 10

When a skill is practised in many environments

Question 11

+ of part practice

Answer 11

Less information to process

Early success = higher confidence

Good for low org skills

Question 12

• of part practice

Answer 12

Limits awareness of whole skill

Limits kinaesthetic feedback

Time consuming

Limits mental picture of the whole skill

Question 13

+ of whole practice

Answer 13

Creates good mental image

Good kinaesthesis

Good for high org skills

Question 14

• of whole practice

Answer 14

Some performers may not be ready

Risk of overload

Lots of information to process

Question 15

+ of whole part whole

Answer 15

Good for low org/ serial skills

Allows focus on weak subroutines

A flexible method for all abilities

Question 16

• of whole part whole

Answer 16

Unsuitable for high org

Potential overload

Can be demotivating to return to subroutines

Question 17

+ of progressive part

Answer 17

Good for low org/serial skills

Quicker than part

Kinaesthesis developed more effectively than part practice

Chance for recap

Question 18

• of progressive part

Answer 18

Unsuitable for high org

Takes time

Can be demotivating/boring to keep going over

Question 19

+ massed practice

Answer 19

Good for discrete skills

Good for highly motivated performers

To groove/ overlearn skills

Simulates fatigue

Question 20

• of massed practice

Answer 20

Not appropriate for those with bad fitness

Could be demotivating for a novice performer as they could repeatedly experience failure

Question 21

+ of distributed practice

Answer 21

Good for continuous skills

Beginners/ low fitness levels

Allows performer to process information they have just learnt

Good for lower motivation

Question 22

• distributed practice

Answer 22

Takes longer

Doesn’t simulate fatigue

Can ruin the flow of practice if you keep stopping and starting

Question 23

+ fixed practice

Answer 23

Good with closed skills

Enables movements to become habitual

Good to simulate events where conditions never change

Question 24

• fixed practice

Answer 24

Not good for open skills

Can be demotivating/boring

Can lead to fatigue/overuse injury

Question 25

+ of varied practice

Answer 25

Good for open skills

Develop performers decision making skills

Question 26

• of varied practice

Answer 26

Not good for closed skills

Not good for athletes whose event is in the same environment every time

Can be difficult if the performer is not good enough to perform the skill in the first place