Types And Mechanisms Of Cell Injury Flashcards
What is injury
Set of biochemical and or morphological changes that occur when the state of homeostasis is disturbed by adverse influences
What are causes of cell injury
Hypoxia:def of O2 Physical agents Chemical agents and drugs Infectious biological agents Immunologic reactions Genetic abnormalities Nutritional imbalances Aging
What are causes of hypoxia
Ischemia due to red atrial blood flow
Cardiorespiratory failure
Reduced oxygen carrying capacity
What does cellular response to injury to depend on
Nature duration and severity
What do the consequences of injury depend on
Type state and adaptability of cell
Reversible injury
Condition which is capable of being reversed with restoration of previous state of cells following removal of adverse influences
Irreversible injury
Occurs where injurious stimulus is persistent or severe and cellular changes are not able to be undone or return back to normal status and ultimately undergo cell death
What does cell injury result from(disturbance)
Atp production Mitch integrity independent of Atp Plasma membrane integrity Protein synthesis Integrity of genetic app
What are consequences of ATP depletion
Failure of membrane transport and NA pump
Increased anaerobic glycolysis
Reduced protein synthesis
What are the reversible consequences of ATP depletion
Failure of active plasma membrane transport leads to: ATP depletion, cellular swelling, mitch swelling, dilation of sarcoplasmic reticulum, reduction in protein synthesis, inc intracellular lipid accumulation
What are the irreversible consequences of ATP depletion
Increased rate of anaerobic glycolysis With depletion of: Glycogen stores Reduced intracellular PH Dec activity of many cellular enzymes Chromatin clumping and disruption of cell organelles including lysosomes Influx of Ca2+
How are mitochondria damaged
Inc of Ca2+
Reactive oxygen species
Ischemia
Mutations in mitch genes
What are causes membrane damage
Ischemia, bacterial toxins, viral proteins, lytic components, variety of physical and chemical agents
What are consequences of membrane damage
Mitch membrane damage
Plasma membrane damage
Injury to lysosomal membranes
What are causes of DNA damage
Exposure to radiation,chemotherapeutic drugs ,ROS and aging