Typer Of Transfer

Question 1

What is positive transfer

Answer 1

Positive transfer is where a learned skill can aid the learning of a new skill

Question 2

How does positive transfer occur

Answer 2

1. Transfers S-R bonds from one skill to the next

2. Helps develop the correct motor programme

Question 3

What is negative transfer

Answer 3

Negative transfer is where a learned skill hinders the learning of a new skill

Question 4

How does negative transfer occur

Answer 4

1. S-R bonds respond incorrectly to similar stimuli

2. Difference in kinaesthetic feedback can cause confusion

Question 5

What is proactive transfer

Answer 5

Proactive transfer is where a previous learned skill effects the learning or performance of another skill

Question 6

What can both proactive and retractive transfer be

Answer 6

Positive and negative transfer

Question 7

What is retroactive transfer

Answer 7

Retroactive transfer is where the learning of a new skill effects the performance of an old skill

Question 8

What is bilateral transfer

Answer 8

Bilateral transfer is where you can transfer a skill from one limb to the opposite limb

Question 9

Give an example of positive proactive transfer

Answer 9

Basketball dribbling aids handball dribbling

Question 10

Name an example of negative proactive transfer

Answer 10

A cricket bowl negatively effects the learning of a baseball bowl

Question 11

Name an example of a positive retroactive transfer

Answer 11

American rugby tackling can aid performance of rugby tackling

Question 12

Name an example of negative retroactive transfer

Answer 12

Learning a tennis serve can negatively impact performance of a cricket bowl

Question 13

Name an example of positive bilateral transfer

Answer 13

Dribbling with both feet in football

Question 14

Name an example of negative bilateral transfer

Answer 14

You can’t dribble with both sides of the stick with a hockey stick

Question 15

State 3 ways of maximising the effect of positive transfer

Answer 15

1. Focus on similar skills in training to aid transfer
2. Make learners aware of the transferable parts
3. Ensure a clear demo of where transfer can occur
4. Original skill must be over-learned or well grooved
5. Use positive reinforcement when transfer is correct

Question 16

State 3 ways of minimising the effect of negative transfer

Answer 16

1. Be aware that similar looking skills may transfer negatively
2. Conflicting skills must not follow in sequence during training
3. Learners attention must be drawn away from movements causing negative transfer
4. The environment in which the skill is learned must manipulate the real life situation
5. Simplify the skill in the beginning before progressing further