Type 1 Diabetes

Question 1

Pathophysiology

Answer 1

Pancreas does not produce insulin, autoimmune destruction of beta cells.

Question 2

Symptoms

Answer 2

Polydipsia
Polyuria
Weight loss
Fatigue

Question 3

Complications

Answer 3

MI
Stroke
CKD
Infections (LRTI)
Eye disease
Foot disease

Question 4

DKA criteria

Answer 4

Known diabetic or BM> 11.1
Ketosis
Acidosis

Question 5

DKA Triggers

Answer 5

Infection
Poor adherence to insulin
Initial presentation

Question 6

DKA Symptoms

Answer 6

Fruity metallic breath smell
N/V
Dehydration
Hypotension
Abdo pain
reduced consciousness

Question 7

DKA Treatment

Answer 7

Fluids
Insulin FRII
Glucose monitoring
Potassium correction
Infection control
Chart fluid balance
Ketone monitoring

Question 8

DKA resolution criteria

Answer 8

Acidosis resolved
Ketosis resolved
S.C Insulin started
Oral Eating/ Drinking

Question 9

Treatment

Answer 9

Basal bolus insulin -
Take basal everyday same time
Take bolus 30 min before meals
Take BM in morning, before/after meal and at night
Take BM before driving

Pump -
No need for injections
More freedom with eating
Better BM Control
Must stay attached
Can become blocked/ infected
Need to replace cannula every 3 days

Transplant

Question 10

Monitoring

Answer 10

HBA1C every 6 months
Regular eye checks
Regular feet checks

Question 11

Hypo Treatment

Answer 11

Lucozade drink
Glucose gel
IV Dextrose 20%
IM Glucagon