twin and adoption studies

Question 1

what does ‘nature’ mean

Answer 1

related to the biological causes of behaviour linked to genes that have been inherited from parents

Question 2

what does ‘nurture’ mean

Answer 2

refers to the environmental causes of behaviour shows the importance of upbringing

Question 3

what do twin studies investigate

Answer 3

the role of genes

Question 4

what do adoption studies investigate

Answer 4

the role of the environment

Question 5

are twin studies and adoption studies naturalistic or controlled

Answer 5

naturalistic

Question 6

summarise the Jim Twin

Answer 6

reunited at 39
similarities- first wives were called Linda, interest in woodwork, son called James Allen
‘nature’ overriding

Question 7

what are MZ twins

Answer 7

identical

Question 8

what are DZ twins

Answer 8

non-identical

Question 9

what is a concordance rates

Answer 9

‘agreement’

if one twin does something and the other one does as well it will have a concordance rate

Question 10

how does Christiansen (1977) study disagree the twin study theory

Answer 10

studies 3500 twins in Denmark
aim- was inherited concordance areas of criminal behaviours
concordance rate was low (environment could play large part in criminal activity)

Question 11

what are issues of studying twins (twin studies)

Answer 11

Epigentic modification (over time environmental factors are switched on and off), overtime different environmental influences affect which genes are switched on and off, young MZ twins have few epigenetic differences but affects older MZ twins

Question 12

how does Crowe (1972) disapprove of adoptive studies

Answer 12

compared comapred adoptive children whose mother had a criminal record to a control group of adopted children whose mother did not have a criminal record

mother with a criminal record liklehood of having a criminal record by 18 ( 50%)
mother with no criminal record liklehood of having a criminal record by 18 (5%)