central nervous system and neurotransmitters

Question 1

what is the role of the nervous system

Answer 1

monitors and coordinates internal organ function and responds to changes in the environment

Question 2

what are the 2 main organs of the CNS

Answer 2

brain
spinal cord

Question 3

where does the spinal cord receive information from

Answer 3

skin, joints and muscles

Question 4

where does the brain receive information directly from

Answer 4

sensory organs

Question 5

what is the role of neurons

Answer 5

transports information across the body

Question 6

what are 3 parts to a neuron

Answer 6

soma (cell body)
denarites
axon

Question 7

describe the soma

Answer 7

the body of a neuron and contains the nucleus

Question 8

describe the denetrites

Answer 8

short, bushy-like
receives information

Question 9

describe the axon

Answer 9

transmits information
where action potential happens

Question 10

what covers the axon

Answer 10

mielyon sheet

Question 11

what is the purpose of the mielyon sheet

Answer 11

speeds up messages

Question 12

what happens if a neurotransmitter isn’t accepted into the next neuron

Answer 12

re-uptake back into the synapse

Question 13

how many neurotransmitters do we have

Answer 13

over 100 different kinds

Question 14

define neuron

Answer 14

a type of cell that receives and sends messages to the brain to the body

Question 15

describe how neurotransmitters are diffused between neurons

Answer 15

the action potential triggers the release of the synaptic vesicle of the pre-synaptic neuron

neurotransmitters diffuse across the synapse and bind to the receptors sites on the post-synaptic neuron

Question 16

what does action potential mean

Answer 16

the method by which the nerve impulse passes down the axon of the neuron to stimulate the release of neurotransmitters

Question 17

what is a neurons resting membrane potential potential

Answer 17

-70 mz

Question 18

why is a neuron depolarised

Answer 18

the inside is negative (-70mz) and the outside is positive

Question 19

what happens to neurotransmitter molecules that have not been absorbed by receptors on the post-synaptic neuron (2 ways)

Answer 19

re-uptake
destroyed by enzymes

Question 20

what is re-uptake

Answer 20

when a neurotransmitter is taken back to the neuron it came from through a transporter

Question 21

what is serotonin responsible for

Answer 21

happiness and good mood

Question 22

what is melatonin responsible for

Answer 22

regulates sleep-wake cycle

Question 23

what is dopamine responsible for

Answer 23

pleasure and motivation

Question 24

what is schizophrenia suggested to be caused by

Answer 24

excess of dopamine

Question 25

describe the process of action potential

Answer 25

axon is surrounded by semi-permeable membrane

resting state of a membrane (-70mvz) nothing is being sent

some sodium (+) ions are pulled into the membrane (increases charge to -55mv)

causes ion channels to open (more positive ions reaches 40mv), then the message is sent