Tutorials Flashcards
What is nutritional anaemia?
Lack of B12, lack of folic acid, lack of iron
What is the treatment for nutritional aneamia?
Iron supplements, folic acid supplements
Diet change
What is pernicious anaemia?
VitB12 cannot be absorbed (even though it may be present)
What is the treatment for pernicious anaemia?
Injections of vitamin B12, called hydroxocobalamin
At first, you’ll have these injections every other day for 2 weeks or until your symptoms have started improving.
What is aplastic anaemia?
Abnormal precursors in the bone marrow
What is the treatment for aplastic?
Definitive treatment is about controlling or curing aplastic anaemia itself.
This can be done by either immuno-suppressive treatment (IST) or a stem cell transplant (SCT)
What is renal anaemia?
Kidney not working properly cannot sense or cannot produce EPO
What is the treatment for renal anaemia?
EPO injections
What is haemorrhage anaemia?
Huge amount of blood loss, not enough RBCs
Can be caused by heavy periods
What is the treatment for haemorrhage anaemia?
Stopping bleeding and iron supplements
If a large amount of blood is lost = can have transfusion
What is hemolytic anaemia?
RBC lyse and burst
What is the treatment for hemolytic anaemia?
Autoimmune hemolytic anaemia is treated with medicines such as steroids.
Steroids decrease the intensity of the immune system. Treatment must often continue for a long time until the immune system stops destroying blood cells.
What is malaria?
Parasites infect RBCs causing them to lyse
What is the treatment for malaria?
Must be treated quickly with anti-malarial medicines
Kills the parasite
What causes sickle cell disease?
Inherited
Beta-globulin group of Hb
Protein doesn’t fold properly, so RBCs are the wrong shape
