Tutorial 2 - Anxiety Disorders Flashcards
What was the primary aim and methodology from the study in the set reading:
Ponniah, K., Magiati, I., & Hollon, S. (2013). An update on the efficacy of psychological treatments for obsessive-compulsive disorder in adults.
Article was a review on the psychological treatments of OCD in general and in regard to specific symptom presentation.
AIM: Establish which RCTs have been found to be most effectual in the treatment of OCD in adults.
(RCT = randomised controlled trials - get people in and randomly assign them, so reflective to external population. controlled meaning)
METHODOLOGY:
- searched databases using key terms and set inclusionary material
- then analysed.
- classified based on the criteria proposed by Chambless and Hollon (1998)
Briefly outline what is meant by ‘efficacious and specific,’
two or more independent group found that the treatment led to a better treatment than others or non-specific
Briefly outline what is meant by ‘efficacious’
at least two independent groups found that treatment is better than no treatment
Briefly outline what is meant by ‘possibly efficacious’
one group shows support that treatment is better than no treatment
What is the firstline treatment for OCD and why?
Exposure Response Prevention (ERP): Expose them to stimulus that brings on the response, then prevent them from giving in to their impulsions. Let them sit with it and talk through it with them.
Why: because it is both efficacious and specific + one study had slightly stronger results for it
What were the main symptoms dimensions or themes of OCD according to DSM-IV?
Are any of these less responsive to treatment?
Has there been a treatment developed specifically for any of these dimensions?
Obsessive and intrusive thoughts & Impulsive behaviour patterns
subtypes inc:
- contamination
- checking
- obsessions (need for symmetry)
- violent thoughts
- hoarding (has it’s own domain in DSM-5, as needs to be treated differently, has different co-morbidities and physiological stuff)
What is the different between a meta-analysis and a review?
A meta-analysis uses stats
What kind of controls can you have in a study?
- a non-control - e.g. told they are on the waitlist
- an active control - one that is active but not really receiving a specific treatment e.g. just talking about it with therapist
List all the DSM-IV anxiety disorders that were discussed in the documentary “Secret Fear”?
- Panic-Attack Disorder
- Social Phobia
- Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
- Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Were there any disorders that were discussed in the documentary “Secret Fear” that are not DSM-IV anxiety disorders?
Yes,
- Agoraphobia
- Hoarding disorder
- Substance Abuse
- Depression
- Trichotillomania (hair pulling) - not in DSM as its own thing
List all the DSM-5 anxiety disorders that were discussed in the documentary “Secret Fear”?
Were mentioned:
- Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia)
- Panic Disorder
- Agoraphobia
- Generalized Anxiety Disorder
FIX CARD
Were there any disorders that were discussed in the documentary “Secret Fear” that are not DSM-5 anxiety disorders?
- Separation Anxiety Disorder
- Selective Mutism
- Specific Phobia
FIX CARD
OCD and PTSD got their own things in 5, trichotillomania & hoarding is under OCD in 5
What are some of the difficulties encountered when trying to treat anxiety disorders?
Original problem was wrapped up in their lifetime of experiences,
Confused with personality e.g. hoarding
Agoraphobia may not want to come to therapy because it causes them stress and anxiety
Consider possible practical and ethical issues that may arise when treating someone with an anxiety disorder.
Issues with making them do exactly what they don’t want to do in exposure therapy (causing distress, so cost-benefit)
two ways in: (1) graduated exposure (2) flooding (more effective) but start whichever step up the ladder you think the client can handle
practical issue: can’t flood for many things e.g. flying phobia
advising medication = major side effects and addictiveness
practical issue: going to hoarders house
