Turning Flashcards
What are the 2 metrics for turning performance?
Rate of turn (rate of change of direction)
radius of turn (tightness)
How can the pilot control turning performance?
A pilot has control over the AOB and Airspeed.
For a given speed, what will a higher AOB yield?
A high AOB will yield a greater rate of turn and a smaller turn radius.
For a given AOB, what will a higher speed yield?
A higher speed will yield a lower turn rate and a larger turn radius.
What is the effect of altitude on turn performance?
Increasing altitude will decrease turn performance, as the aircraft will require a greater centripetal force at higher altitude. This is because TAS increases with altitude. SO turn radius will increase and rate will decrease for a given AOB and IAS.
What is the effect of weight on turn performance?
An increase in weight will worsen the maximum turn rate and minimum turn radius of an aircraft. This is because increasing the weight will increase the lift requirement for the aircraft to remain in a level turn. More speed is therefore required
What is the effect of weight on turn performance?
An increase in weight will worsen the maximum turn rate and minimum turn radius of an aircraft. This is because increasing the weight will increase the lift requirement for the aircraft to remain in a level turn. Therefore, a heavier aircraft will reach its critical AOA sooner than a lighter one as the AOB is increased.
What is rate of turn determined by?
Rate of turn is determined by V/R.
How to achieve a max rate turn?
For a max rate turn, you want a high AOB and high airspeed. This is because a high airspeed will enable the aircraft to remain above the stall speed while AOB is increased.
What is load factor and how is it related to turn performance?
Load factor is the apparent increase in weight. It is determined by (lift generated)/weight
As the aircraft’s AOB is increased, its AOA must be increased to to generate enough lift to balance out weight (remain level). More load factor is therefore experienced as the AOB is increased.
LF can also be used to determine the new stall speed of an aircraft because of this.
What does the LF and AOB graph look like?
Exponential curve with increase LF with increased AOB.
When is the percentage increase in stall speed doubled?
At 75 AOB.
Why is there a tendency to overbank in a climbing turn?
In a climbing turn, the outer wing experiences a slighter greater AOA, which produces more lift, resulting in an overbooking tendency.
What tendency is there is a descending turn?
Under-banking tendency, as the inner wing is now experiencing a greater AOA than the outer wing, producing slightly more lift.
How to calculate turn radius?
R= (VB^2)/(g tan0)
