Turbulence

Question 1

Low Level

Answer 1

Turbulence below 15,000 MSL. Caused by surface heating

Question 2

Mechanical Turbulence

Answer 2

Created by obstacles or rough terrain the interfere with the normal wind flow.

Question 3

Convective Turbulence

Answer 3

Occurs over land in fair weather. Daytime phenimena that occurs over land due to surface heating.

Question 4

Frontal Turbulence

Answer 4

Occurs just ahead of a fast moving front. Caused by convection and strong winds.

Question 5

Wake Turbulence

Answer 5

Caused by wingtip vorticies from large, heavy, and slow aircraft in high angle of attack and a clean configuration.

Question 6

Clear Air Turbulence

Answer 6

Usually occurs above 15,000. Occurs in sudden bursts as aircraft intersect thin sloping turbulent layers. Usually develops near the jet stream

Question 7

Mountain Wave

Answer 7

Layers of turbulence coming from air moving across a ridge and the wind is 40knots or more and can extend out 100 miles or more downwind.

Question 8

Wind Shear

Answer 8

A sudden drastic shift in wind speed or direction and can occur at any altitude. Can be associated with convective precipitation, jet stream, or a frontal zone.