Tundra Flashcards
Tundra temperature
Temp below 0 degrees for most of the year, -70 degrees lowest, -28 degrees average
Tundra precipitation
Very little
Tundra light
Continuous day in Summer, continuous night in Winter
Bethel temperature
-5 degrees in January, 22 degrees in July
Bethel precipitation
82mm February, 122mm October
Is Bethel tundra
Maybe more forest
Gelisols
Active layer thaws in Summer and freezes in Winter, then permafrost below, then unfrozen talik. Have gelic materials with ice segaration in active layer and cryoturbation. Have permafrost within 100cm of surface
Cryoturbation
Horizons have mixed due to thawing and refreezing
Ice segaration
Evidence of ice eroding other parts of the soil
Bethel location and size
NW of N America in Alaska’s SW, largest Alaskan city at 6325 in 2020
What people are Bethel home to
Yup’ik
Where is Bethel’s largest community
On the Kuskokwim river
When was Meyers farm established and how large was it
2003, 7 hectares
Where is Meyers farm relative to the rivers
Yukon and Kuskokwim river confluence fed by nutrient rich glacial silts so loamy soils
What has Meyers impact on community gardens been
Worked with residents to set up 800 new traditional substinence gardens
Meyers farm inputs
Compost, salmon slurry, lakewater, raised beds, polytunnels
Meyers farm outputs
Root veg, strawberries, brassicas, gourds, poultry, eggs
How much produce produced in 2014
50,000
What occurs on Meyers farm in June
Permafrost melts, tractors clears moss and insulating plant life for fertiliser
What occurs on Meyers farm in July
Fields ploughed to loosen soil and dislodge remaining roots
How long spent working one piece of land
2 years
How do they get visitors
Plane/barge
How do they save roots from permafrost
Root cellar
How many boxes of produce sold annually and where to
3000, 53 nearby villages
