Tumour suppressors, p53 and apoptosis Flashcards
Which virus produces the viral oncogene E7 which inactivates the tumour suppressor RB?
HPV
At which phase of the cell cycle does RB act as a gatekeeper?
G1
RB regulates the activity of which family of proteins?
E2F
What is the function of PTEN protein?
Phosphatase
PTEN action is closely associated with inhibition of activity of which other protein?
AKT
Which protein closely associates with TP53 and regulates its levels within a cell?
MDM2
What is the function of TP53 protein?
transcription factor
Which protein is a transcriptional target of TP53?
CDKN1A (p21)
What are the 2 enabling characteristics in Hanahan and Weinberg
Gene instability and mutation
Tumour promoting inflammation
What do defects in the RB gene lead to
Retinoblastoma
What is RB
Critical gate keeper for cell cycle
What do Extracellular growth factors do
Increase synthesis & decrease degradation of macromolecules
What does Akt do and how
Stimulates cells to grow in size
By activating the serine/threonine kinase tor
What suppresses Akt activity
PTEN activity
What is p53
A tumour suppressor
‘Guardian of the genome’
What does p53 respond to
Damage
What does p53 do
Induce cell cycle arrests & senescence via induction of p21
Induce apoptosis
What is MDM2
Important regulator of TP53
