Cell cycle deregulation in cancer

Question 1

What do CDKs do

Answer 1

Promote progression through each stage of the cell cycle

Question 2

What is CDK activated by

Answer 2

Cyclin

Question 3

What type of kinases are CDKs

Answer 3

Serine/threonine kinases

Question 4

What is E2F

Answer 4

Transcription factors needed for entry into S phase

Question 5

What protein inhibits E2F function

Answer 5

pRB

Question 6

What CDKs are most involved in cancers

Answer 6

CDK4 and CDK6

Question 7

What is cyclin D2 important for

Answer 7

Adult and embryonic neuronal stem cells

Question 8

Where is cyclin D3 found

Answer 8

Bone marrow and lymphoid tissues

Question 9

What gene causes the overexpression of cyclin D1

Answer 9

CCND1

Question 10

What cancer is CCND1 amplified in

Answer 10

Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas

Question 11

What do the most common mutations of cyclin D1 involve

Answer 11

Amino acids T286 and P287

Question 12

What do the inhibitors of CDK4/6 do

Answer 12

Stop CDK4/6 interacting with cyclin D1
Reducing inhibition of pRB, preventing passage and causing cell death

Question 13

What allows activation of CDK2

Answer 13

p21 and p27