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CNS > Tumors and Meningitis > Flashcards

Tumors and Meningitis Flashcards

1
Q

Where are most brain tumors normally found in pediatric patients?

A

posterior fossa/infratentorial

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2
Q

Where are most brain tumors normally found in adult patients?

A

supratentorial or hemispheric

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3
Q

What two mutations are associated with primary GBM?

A

EGFR amplification and PTEN mutations

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4
Q

What mutation is associated with secondary GBM?

A

TP53 mutation and IDH mutant

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5
Q

Where are brain metastasis normally found?

A

grey white junction

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6
Q

What markers are associated with primary lung metastasis?

A

Cytokeratin 7, TTF-1

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7
Q

What is the most common intradural spinal cord tumor?

A

Ependymomas

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8
Q

What are the most common extradural spinal cord tumors?

A

Schwannomas and meningiomas

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9
Q

What tumor origin has AFP?

A

Yolk sac

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10
Q

What tumor origin has hCG?

A

Choriocarcinoma

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11
Q

What are the two AD mutations in tuberous sclerosis?

A

TSC1 (9q) and TSC2 (16p)

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12
Q

What two mutations mark most of adult diffuse astrocytomas?

A

ATRX loss and IDH1 mutation

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13
Q

What is the difference between a diffuse astrocytoma and a circumscribed astrocytoma?

A

Circumscribed are usually benign and pediatric

Diffuse are malignant and produce large mass effect

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14
Q

Which grade of diffuse astrocytoma has marked contrast enhancement?

A

Grade 4

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15
Q

What should you consider if brain metastasis are only in posterior fossa?

A

Renal cell carcinoma

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16
Q

What is the WBC count usually in Viral meningitis?

A

under 1000

17
Q

What is the hallmark of encephalitis?

A

altered mental status

18
Q

What are the most common viruses identified in viral meningitis?

A

Coxsackievirus A9 and B1, Echovirus 6,5,18

non polio enterovirus

19
Q

How are Arboviruses transmitted?

A

ticks/mosquitos

20
Q

What is the vector of Chikungunya virus?

What does it cause?

A

Aedes Aegypti mosquito

Meningitis

(Togaviridae)

21
Q

What is the most common cause of acute sporadic viral encephalitis?

What location of the brain does it affect?

A

HSV 1

Temporal through olfactory bulb

22
Q

How do you treat HSV 1?

A

Acyclovir for 3 weeks minimum

23
Q

What is the most common cause of Mollarets meningitis?

A

HSV 2

24
Q

What is the distinct profile of CMV encephalitis?

A

Hypoglycorrhachia with neutrophilic pleocytosis and inc protein

25
Q

How do you treat CMV encephalitis?

A

gangciclovir

26
Q

In what kind of patients would you see HHV 6?

A

bone marrow transplant patients

27
Q

How is Herpes Virus B transmitted?

A

Macaques monkeys

28
Q

How do you treat Herpes Virus B?

A

acyclovir or gangciclovir

CNS (7 decks)

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