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Neuro-Unit 1 > Tuesday, 3-22-Cervical and Cranial nerves (Stephens) > Flashcards

Tuesday, 3-22-Cervical and Cranial nerves (Stephens) Flashcards

1
Q

___ innervates the strap muscles

A

Ansa cervicalis

  • Superior root-C1-2
  • Inferior root-C2-3
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2
Q

What is the relationship of the ansa cervicalis to the hypoglossal n. and the IJV?

A

The superior root leaves the hypoglossal n. just below the posterior digastric m. The inferior root usually crosses lateral to the IJV

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3
Q

The n. to thyrohyoid and CN XII can be located based on what neck landmark?

A

tip of the hyoid bone

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4
Q

The __ n. forms just lateral to the anterior scalene muscle, descends vertically across the anterior surface of that muscle, and lies just posterior to the IJV and pre vertebral fascia.

A

phrenic

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5
Q

In the root of the neck, the phrenic n. courses __ to the subclavian v.

A

posterior

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6
Q

Although rare, ___ may result from neck tumors, aortic aneurysm, pericardial or mediastinal infections and inflammations. Pain may extend from the anterior borders of the lower ribs to the root of the neck. In most cases, pain is on the left side. Pneumonia may irritate the nerve or diaphragm and result in singultus (hiccups)

A

phrenic neuralgia

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7
Q

___ of the extensor neck muscles occurs with neuralgia, various neck lesions, posterior fossa masses, meningeal irritation, or blood in the CSF

A

Nuchal rigidity

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8
Q

___ fibers convey pain, temperature, tactile pressure and proprioception

A

General somatic afferent (GSA)

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9
Q

___ fibers convey visceral pain (stretch, ischemia) and reflexes

A

General visceral afferent (GVA)

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10
Q

__ fibers innervate muscle of myotomic origin

A

General somatic efferent (GSE)

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11
Q

___ fibers are associated with the sympathetic (thoraco-lumbar) and parasympathetic (cranio-sacral) divisions of the ANS. There are no preganglionic parasympathetic fibers in any of the spinal nerves

A

General visceral efferent (GVE)

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12
Q

What are the 3 special functional components of cranial nerves?

A

Special visceral afferent (SVA)
Special visceral efferent (SVE)
Special somatic afferent (SSA)

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13
Q

___ fibers innervate structures of ectodermal origin. Sharp, highly localized sensations

A

GSA

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14
Q

GSA fibers convey pain, temperature, tactile pressure and proprioception conveyed primarily by __ nerve

A

Trigeminal (V)

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15
Q

___ fibers innervate structures of endodermal origin and has dull, aching, burning, poorly localized sensations

A

GVA

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16
Q

The __ nerve has a huge distribution of GVA fibers to the mucosae of the posterior 1/3 of the tongue to the mid portion of the transverse colon.

A

Vagus

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17
Q

GVE fibers are associated with the parasympathetic fibers coursing in the __ cranial nerves

A

III, VII, IX, X

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18
Q

___ fibers convey olfactory (smell) and taste information.

A

SVA

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19
Q

Taste from anterior 2/3 of the tongue is by ___ n.

Taste from posterior 1/3 of the tongue is by ___ n.

A

VII

IX

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20
Q

__ fibers innervate muscles of branchiomeric origin

A

SVE

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21
Q

SVE fiber innervate muscles of mastication via __ n.

SVE fibers innervate muscles of facial expression via __ n.

SVE fibers innervate larynx and pharynx via ___ n.

A

V

VII

X

22
Q

__ fibers are associated with the optic (II) and vestibulocochlear (VIII) nerves

A

SSA (special somatic afferent)

23
Q

The ___ is THE sensory nucleus for all sensations from the face and only handles GSA’s

A

Trigeminal sensory complex

24
Q

The ___ nucleus of V receives proprioception information from the facial muscles

A

Mesencephalic

25
Q

The ___ nucleus of V receives precise tactile discrimination information from the face

A

Main sensory

26
Q

The ___ nucleus of V receives crude, tactile, pain, temperature information from the face

A

Descending nucleus

27
Q

The ___ is THE sensory nucleus from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue to the mid-portion of the transverse colon

A

Nucleus Tractus Solitarius (NTS)

28
Q

The solitary nucleus receives taste (SVA) information form the anterior 2/3 of the tongue via __, posterior 1/3 of tongue via ___, and epiglottis via ___

A

CN VII

CN IX

CN X

29
Q

Olfaction (CN I) and taste information is via __ nerve fibers

A

Special Visceral afferent (sva)

30
Q

The __ nucleus innervates the superior, inferior, and medial recti, inferior oblique, and legator palpebrae superiors muscles via branches of occulomotor n.

A

occulomotor nucleus

31
Q

The __ nucleus innervates the superior oblique m.

A

trochlear

32
Q

The ___ nucleus innervates the lateral rectus m.

A

abducens

33
Q

The __ nucleus innervates all of the muscles associated with the tongue, except the palatoglossus

A

hypoglossal

34
Q

The __ nucleus sends preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the ciliary ganglion via branches of the occulomotor n.

A

Edinger-westphal

35
Q

The ciliary ganglion sends postganglionic fibers to the __

A

sphincter pupillae and ciliary mm. of the eye

36
Q

The __ nucleus sends preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the sphenopalatine and submandibular ganglia via CN VII

A

Superior salivatory

37
Q

Postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the sphenopalatine ganglion synapse on the ___

A

lacrimal gland

38
Q

postganglionic parasympathetic fibers from the submandibular ganglion synapse on the ___

A

submandibular and sublingual glands

39
Q

The ___ nucleus sends preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the otic ganglion via CN IX

A

Inferior salivatory

40
Q

The otic ganglion send postganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the ___

A

parotid gland

41
Q

The ___ nucleus sends preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to the scattered ganglia in the larynx, pharynx, thorax, and abdomen via CN X

A

Dorsal motor

42
Q

___ fibers innervate muscles which are derived from the mesenchyme of the branchial arches

A

Special visceral efferent (SVE)

43
Q

The __ motor nucleus innervates muscles of facial expression ,stylohyoid, stapedius, and posterior digastric (Arch 2 derivatives)

A

Facial

44
Q

The ___ motor nucleus innervates the muscles of mastication, tensor palati, tensor tympani, mylohyoid, and anterior digastric (arch 1 derivatives)

A

trigeminal

45
Q

The ___ innervates the stylopharyngeus, palatoglossus, and the muscles of the palate, larynx, and pharynx, respectively (Arch 4 derivatives)

A

Nucleus ambiguus

46
Q

The __ nucleus innervates the SCM and trapezius muscles

A

Accessory

47
Q

Lesions of CN IX result in:

A
  • Loss of gag reflex
  • Slight dysphagia
  • Loss of sensation in pharynx and posterior 1/3 of the tongue
48
Q

Lesions of the CN X (pharyngeal, superior laryngeal, recurrent laryngeal) result in:

A
  • Dysphonia
  • Dysphagia
  • Dyspnea
  • Loss of gag or laryngeal cough reflex
49
Q

Unilateral lesions of CN XI result in:

A

Ipsilateral inability to shrug the shoulder, and flex and rotate the head

50
Q

Lesions of CN XII result in:

A

Deviation of the protruded tongue towards the affected side

Neuro-Unit 1 (13 decks)

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