Tudor Treaties and Laws

Question 1

When and what was the Navigation Act?

Answer 1

1485, ensured that English goods could only be transported in English ships - limited success, foreign vessels still transported a lot of goods.

Question 2

When and was was the H7 Act of Resumption?

Answer 2

1486, aimed to increase crown land - Henry took back all land given away since 1455.

Question 3

When and what was the H7 Act against Retaining?

Answer 3

1487, to take action against people abusing the retaining system - only the king could grant retaining licences.

Question 4

When and what was the H7 Treaty of Redon?

Answer 4

1489, Aimed to get Anne of Brittany to pay for an English army - for her defence. Failed as she surrendered to France.

Question 5

When and what was the Treaty of Medina Del Campo?

Answer 5

1489, England and Spanish mutual protection treaty. No harbouring rebels/pretenders. Marriage between Arthur and Catherine.

Question 6

When and what was the Treaty of Etaples?

Answer 6

1492, peace agreement with France which saw them withdraw support for Warbeck and pay a £159,000 pension

Question 7

When and what was Poynings Law?

Answer 7

1495, England attempted to control Ireland - their parliament could not pass laws without English approval

Question 8

When and what was the Intercursus Maguns?

Answer 8

1496, Treaty between England and Burgundy to end their trade embargo

Question 9

When and what was the Treaty of Ayton?

Answer 9

1497, truce with Scotland after the Cornish Rebellion - led to execution of Warbeck in 1499 after relations improved.

Question 10

When and what was the Treaty of Perpetual Peace?

Answer 10

1502, improved relations with Scotland and arranged a marriage between James and Henry’s daughter

Question 11

When and what was the Act on corporations?

Answer 11

1504 - forbade corporations from making regulations without King’s approval, centralising power

Question 12

When and what was the Treaty of Windsor?

Answer 12

1506, between Eng, Spain and Burgundy. Intercursus Malus, Earl of Suffolk given to Henry, marriage between Henry and Philip’s sister proposed

Question 13

When and what was the renewal of the Treaty of Etaples?

Answer 13

1510, treaty temporarily renewed to continue peace with France.

Question 14

When and what was the Treaty of Noyon?

Answer 14

1516, peace between France and Spain - led to diplomatic isolation of England

Question 15

When and what was the Treaty of Cambrai?

Answer 15

1517, peace between HRE and France - left England dangerously diplomatically isolated

Question 16

When and what was the Treaty of London?

Answer 16

1518, England, France, Spain, HRE and other countries agreed to perpetual peace - ended diplomatic isolation

Question 17

When and what was the Treaty of Bruges?

Answer 17

1521, alliance between HRE and England - potential marriage alliance, invaded France in 1522 and 1523 due to this

Question 18

When and what was the Amicable Grant?

Answer 18

1525, Henry needed £800,000 to invade France so Wolsey whipped up a forced loan (without asking parliament) - led to severe resistance.

Question 19

When and what were the Eltham Ordinances?

Answer 19

1526 - Wolsey aimed to control Privy Chamber, removed the Groom of the Stool. Failed. Passed off as cost reduction.

Question 20

When and what was the Treaty of Amiens?

Answer 20

1527, anti-imperial alliance between England and France

Question 21

When and what was the Peace of Cambrai?

Answer 21

1529, peace between the HRE and France - led to Pope being more dependent on HRE and isolated Henry

Question 22

When and what was the Act in Conditional Restraint of Annates?

Answer 22

1532, withheld the first year’s income from Bishop’s offices - so reducing money sent to the Papacy.

Question 23

When and what was the Supplication against the Ordinaries?

Answer 23

1532, tried to increase anticlerical pressure - stated that Ordinaries (priests bishops etc) were responsible for the growing rift between clergy and laity via their abuses.

Question 24

When and what was the Submission of the Clergy?

Answer 24

1532, Catholic Church gave up their power to pass Church laws without the King’s assent - essentially becoming subservient to king, led to More resigning.

Question 25

When and what was the Act in Restraint of Appeals?

Answer 25

1533, said that people could not appeal to the Pope to overrule Henry’s rulings on the Church.

Question 26

When and what was the Act of Supremacy?

Answer 26

1534, legalised the royal supremacy and made Henry Supreme Head of the Church of England - achieving break from Rome

Question 27

When and what was the Act of Succession?

Answer 27

1534, made Henry’s marriage to Catherine void - succession would continue through Anne, to deny that was treason

Question 28

When and what was the H8 Treason Act?

Answer 28

1534, treason could now be committed by spoken word.

Question 29

When and what was the Act Annexing First Fruits and Tenths to the Crown?

Answer 29

1534, the annates paid by a bishop now went to the king instead of the pope.

Question 30

When and what was the Valor Ecclesiasticus?

Answer 30

1535, a survey held to determine the wealth of the Church - prior to dissolution

Question 31

When and what was the First set of Royal Injunctions? (H8)

Answer 31

1536, set out religious expectations - moral conduct, limited holy days and pilgrimages, attacked ideas of holy days, pilgrimages and relics.

Question 32

When and what was the Act of Ten Articles?

Answer 32

1536, restricted the number of sacraments to 3 and rejected praying to saints.

Question 33

When and what was the Law in Wales Act?

Answer 33

1536, divided Wales into shires and gave these MPs, made English the language of Welsh courts.

Question 34

When and what was the Act of Resuming Liberties to the Crown?

Answer 34

1536, reduced the independence of bishops and clergy as a whole.

Question 35

When and what was the Second Succession Act?

Answer 35

1536, removed Elizabeth as heir presumptive and declared that Henry could choose any succession he wanted.

Question 36

When and what was the Treaty of Nice?

Answer 36

1538, France and Spain severed connections with England

Question 37

When and what was the Second Set of Royal Injunctions?

Answer 37

1538, Pilgrimages and venerating images was frowned upon, every Church had to buy an English Bible.

Question 38

When and what was the Six Articles Act?

Answer 38

1539, Reasserted Catholic doctrine and made denying Transubstantiation heretical.

Question 39

When and what was the Treaty of Greenwich?

Answer 39

1543, Prince Edward and MQoS were formally betrothed. Rough wooing policy.

Question 40

When and what was the Act for the Advancement of True Religion?

Answer 40

1543, restricted reading of the bible to Upper-class markets

Question 41

When and what was the Third Succession Act?

Answer 41

1543, returned Elizabeth and Mary to the succession - behind Edward.

Question 42

When and what were the Edwardian Royal Injunctions?

Answer 42

1547, All bishops had to give services in English, had to remove all superstitious images and all purchase a copy of Paraphrases.

Question 43

When and what was the Edwardian Act of Uniformity?

Answer 43

1549, Book of Common Prayer only legal worship in England

Question 44

When and what was the Edwardian Sheep Tax?

Answer 44

1549, tax on sheep and a purchase tax on cloth. Repealed Jan 1550 after potentially sparking rebellions.

Question 45

When and what was the First Edwardian Book of Common Prayer?

Answer 45

1549, single form for services and translated them all into English

Question 46

When and what was the Treaty of Boulogne?

Answer 46

1550, Boulogne sold back to France for £133,333. France needed to remove all men from Scotland.

Question 47

When and what was the Second Edwardian BOCP?

Answer 47

1552, more radical than 1549 book, removed ‘conservative’ ceremonies, rewrote services and restricted music.

Question 48

When and what were the 42 Articles of Religion?

Answer 48

1552, defined CofE faith and were basis of later 39 articles.

Question 49

When and what was the First Statue of Repeal?

Answer 49

1553, Undid Edwardian reformation almost completely. To 1539 Six Articles.

Question 50

When and what was the Act for the Marriage of Queen Mary?

Answer 50

1554, Mary would marry Philip - who would be King without power, no foreigners would hold claim to offices, and Philip wasn’t in the succession

Question 51

When and what were the Marian Royal Injunctions?

Answer 51

1554, a return to Catholicism - Clergy to ‘supress heresy’, married clergy removed, holy days etc restored.

Question 52

When and what were the Marian Heresy Laws?

Answer 52

1554, many defined as heretics. Promised monastic lands would not be reformed to church ownership.

Question 53

When and what was the 2nd Marian act of repeal?

Answer 53

1554, Undid all anti-papal legislation since 1529 and the Henrician Reformation

Question 54

When and what was the 3rd Marian Act of repeal?

Answer 54

1555, Mary gave up title of Supreme Head of CofE - so back to Papal supremacy.

Question 55

When and what was the Twelve Decrees on clerical discipline?

Answer 55

1556, laws against absenteeism, pluralism, simony and heresy. Intensified burnings.

Question 56

When and what was the Marian Book of Rates?

Answer 56

1558, listed duties for every import and doubles customs revenue.

Question 57

When and what was the Elizabethan Act of Supremacy?

Answer 57

1559, Rejected papal supremacy, repealed Marian heresy laws and restored religious legislation of Henry VIII

Question 58

When and what was the Elizabethan Act of Uniformity?

Answer 58

1559, Use of a single Book of Common Prayer, ornaments of churches and ministers should be prior to Act of Uniformity 1549

Question 59

When and were the Elizabethan Royal injunctions?

Answer 59

1559, Emphasised suppression of superstitious practices and churches had to buy an English bible

Question 60

When and what was the Treaty of Chateau-Cambresis?

Answer 60

1559, France would keep Calais for 8 years then it would be returned to England - or they would pay £125,000. Unless England invaded before then.

Question 61

When and what was the Treaty of Berwick?

Answer 61

1560, Elizabeth offered an army to Scotland to help the Protestant Lords of the Congregation defeat the Guises.

Question 62

When and what was the Treaty of Edinburgh?

Answer 62

1560, France and England mutually agreed to withdraw from Scotland. Auld Alliance ended, Anglo-Scottish alliance forming.

Question 63

When and what was the Treaty of Hampton Court?

Answer 63

1562, tried to meddle in French wars of religion by sending 3,000 troops and economic aid to the Huguenots.

Question 64

When and what was the Statute of Artificers?

Answer 64

1563, Established compulsory labour - workers couldn’t leave masters or be dismissed without good cause within a year, and maximum wages were set. Gave State authority held by guilds.

Question 65

When and what was the Act of the Maintenance of the Navy?

Answer 65

1563, had a clause which raised the price limit of grain exports.

Question 66

What was the Poor Act?

Answer 66

1563, stated that those who refused to contribute to poor relief could be fined.

Question 67

When and what was the Act for Maintaining Tillage?

Answer 67

1563 (repealed 1593), land which had been tillage for 4+ years must remain as tillage.

Question 68

When and what was the Treaty of Troyes?

Answer 68

1564, France would keep Calais permanently but would pay England 120,000 crowns. Terms of Chateau-Cambresis now void.

Question 69

When and what was the Treaty of Blois?

Answer 69

1572, France and England gave up their rivalry and formed an alliance against Spain.

Question 70

When and what was the Vagabonds Act?

Answer 70

1572, penalties against vagrants - whipping, boring through ear and death penalty. JPs were however to provide shelter for elderly and sick, and keep a record of poor. Funds used to settle and work rogues/vagabonds.

Question 71

When and what was the Act to Retain the Queen’s Majesty’s Subjects in their Due Obedience?

Answer 71

1581, treasonable to withdraw subject’s allegiance to Queen or C of E. Mass became punishable by imprisonment. Fine for non-attendance was raised to £20 a month.

Question 72

When and what was the Treaty of Joinville?

Answer 72

1584, Phillip II of Spain financed the Catholic League. Aimed to spread Catholicism throughout Europe.

Question 73

When and what was the Act against Jesuits and Seminary Priests?

Answer 73

1585, treasonable for Catholic priests to enter England.

Question 74

When and what was the Treaty of Nonsuch?

Answer 74

1585, Elizabeth supplied 6,400 foot and 1,000 cavalry to Netherlands, along with an annual subsidy of 600,000 florins.

Question 75

When and what was the Treaty of Berwick V2?

Answer 75

1586, James of Scotland would receive a pension of £4,000 annually. Seemed like he was being considered as an heir.

Question 76

When and what was the Statue Regarding the Export of Corn?

Answer 76

1593, price limit set on corn.

Question 77

When and what was the Act against Seditious Sectaries?

Answer 77

1593, People circulating seditious (treasonable) books were punished/executed.

Question 78

When and what was the Second (later) Elizabethan Poor Law?

Answer 78

1597, complete poor relief code and, with 1601 revision, formed basis of poor relief for 2 centuries.

Question 79

When and what was the Final Poor law?

Answer 79

1601, revision of 1597 law and would become basis of poor relief for 2 centuries.