Tudor Treaties and Laws Flashcards
When and what was the Navigation Act?
1485, ensured that English goods could only be transported in English ships - limited success, foreign vessels still transported a lot of goods.
When and was was the H7 Act of Resumption?
1486, aimed to increase crown land - Henry took back all land given away since 1455.
When and what was the H7 Act against Retaining?
1487, to take action against people abusing the retaining system - only the king could grant retaining licences.
When and what was the H7 Treaty of Redon?
1489, Aimed to get Anne of Brittany to pay for an English army - for her defence. Failed as she surrendered to France.
When and what was the Treaty of Medina Del Campo?
1489, England and Spanish mutual protection treaty. No harbouring rebels/pretenders. Marriage between Arthur and Catherine.
When and what was the Treaty of Etaples?
1492, peace agreement with France which saw them withdraw support for Warbeck and pay a £159,000 pension
When and what was Poynings Law?
1495, England attempted to control Ireland - their parliament could not pass laws without English approval
When and what was the Intercursus Maguns?
1496, Treaty between England and Burgundy to end their trade embargo
When and what was the Treaty of Ayton?
1497, truce with Scotland after the Cornish Rebellion - led to execution of Warbeck in 1499 after relations improved.
When and what was the Treaty of Perpetual Peace?
1502, improved relations with Scotland and arranged a marriage between James and Henry’s daughter
When and what was the Act on corporations?
1504 - forbade corporations from making regulations without King’s approval, centralising power
When and what was the Treaty of Windsor?
1506, between Eng, Spain and Burgundy. Intercursus Malus, Earl of Suffolk given to Henry, marriage between Henry and Philip’s sister proposed
When and what was the renewal of the Treaty of Etaples?
1510, treaty temporarily renewed to continue peace with France.
When and what was the Treaty of Noyon?
1516, peace between France and Spain - led to diplomatic isolation of England
When and what was the Treaty of Cambrai?
1517, peace between HRE and France - left England dangerously diplomatically isolated
When and what was the Treaty of London?
1518, England, France, Spain, HRE and other countries agreed to perpetual peace - ended diplomatic isolation
When and what was the Treaty of Bruges?
1521, alliance between HRE and England - potential marriage alliance, invaded France in 1522 and 1523 due to this
When and what was the Amicable Grant?
1525, Henry needed £800,000 to invade France so Wolsey whipped up a forced loan (without asking parliament) - led to severe resistance.
When and what were the Eltham Ordinances?
1526 - Wolsey aimed to control Privy Chamber, removed the Groom of the Stool. Failed. Passed off as cost reduction.
When and what was the Treaty of Amiens?
1527, anti-imperial alliance between England and France
When and what was the Peace of Cambrai?
1529, peace between the HRE and France - led to Pope being more dependent on HRE and isolated Henry
When and what was the Act in Conditional Restraint of Annates?
1532, withheld the first year’s income from Bishop’s offices - so reducing money sent to the Papacy.
When and what was the Supplication against the Ordinaries?
1532, tried to increase anticlerical pressure - stated that Ordinaries (priests bishops etc) were responsible for the growing rift between clergy and laity via their abuses.
When and what was the Submission of the Clergy?
1532, Catholic Church gave up their power to pass Church laws without the King’s assent - essentially becoming subservient to king, led to More resigning.
When and what was the Act in Restraint of Appeals?
1533, said that people could not appeal to the Pope to overrule Henry’s rulings on the Church.
When and what was the Act of Supremacy?
1534, legalised the royal supremacy and made Henry Supreme Head of the Church of England - achieving break from Rome
When and what was the Act of Succession?
1534, made Henry’s marriage to Catherine void - succession would continue through Anne, to deny that was treason
When and what was the H8 Treason Act?
1534, treason could now be committed by spoken word.
When and what was the Act Annexing First Fruits and Tenths to the Crown?
1534, the annates paid by a bishop now went to the king instead of the pope.
When and what was the Valor Ecclesiasticus?
1535, a survey held to determine the wealth of the Church - prior to dissolution
When and what was the First set of Royal Injunctions? (H8)
1536, set out religious expectations - moral conduct, limited holy days and pilgrimages, attacked ideas of holy days, pilgrimages and relics.
When and what was the Act of Ten Articles?
1536, restricted the number of sacraments to 3 and rejected praying to saints.
When and what was the Law in Wales Act?
1536, divided Wales into shires and gave these MPs, made English the language of Welsh courts.
When and what was the Act of Resuming Liberties to the Crown?
1536, reduced the independence of bishops and clergy as a whole.
When and what was the Second Succession Act?
1536, removed Elizabeth as heir presumptive and declared that Henry could choose any succession he wanted.
When and what was the Treaty of Nice?
1538, France and Spain severed connections with England
When and what was the Second Set of Royal Injunctions?
1538, Pilgrimages and venerating images was frowned upon, every Church had to buy an English Bible.
When and what was the Six Articles Act?
1539, Reasserted Catholic doctrine and made denying Transubstantiation heretical.
When and what was the Treaty of Greenwich?
1543, Prince Edward and MQoS were formally betrothed. Rough wooing policy.
When and what was the Act for the Advancement of True Religion?
1543, restricted reading of the bible to Upper-class markets
When and what was the Third Succession Act?
1543, returned Elizabeth and Mary to the succession - behind Edward.
When and what were the Edwardian Royal Injunctions?
1547, All bishops had to give services in English, had to remove all superstitious images and all purchase a copy of Paraphrases.
When and what was the Edwardian Act of Uniformity?
1549, Book of Common Prayer only legal worship in England
When and what was the Edwardian Sheep Tax?
1549, tax on sheep and a purchase tax on cloth. Repealed Jan 1550 after potentially sparking rebellions.
When and what was the First Edwardian Book of Common Prayer?
1549, single form for services and translated them all into English
When and what was the Treaty of Boulogne?
1550, Boulogne sold back to France for £133,333. France needed to remove all men from Scotland.
When and what was the Second Edwardian BOCP?
1552, more radical than 1549 book, removed ‘conservative’ ceremonies, rewrote services and restricted music.
When and what were the 42 Articles of Religion?
1552, defined CofE faith and were basis of later 39 articles.
When and what was the First Statue of Repeal?
1553, Undid Edwardian reformation almost completely. To 1539 Six Articles.
When and what was the Act for the Marriage of Queen Mary?
1554, Mary would marry Philip - who would be King without power, no foreigners would hold claim to offices, and Philip wasn’t in the succession
When and what were the Marian Royal Injunctions?
1554, a return to Catholicism - Clergy to ‘supress heresy’, married clergy removed, holy days etc restored.
When and what were the Marian Heresy Laws?
1554, many defined as heretics. Promised monastic lands would not be reformed to church ownership.
When and what was the 2nd Marian act of repeal?
1554, Undid all anti-papal legislation since 1529 and the Henrician Reformation
When and what was the 3rd Marian Act of repeal?
1555, Mary gave up title of Supreme Head of CofE - so back to Papal supremacy.
When and what was the Twelve Decrees on clerical discipline?
1556, laws against absenteeism, pluralism, simony and heresy. Intensified burnings.
When and what was the Marian Book of Rates?
1558, listed duties for every import and doubles customs revenue.
When and what was the Elizabethan Act of Supremacy?
1559, Rejected papal supremacy, repealed Marian heresy laws and restored religious legislation of Henry VIII
When and what was the Elizabethan Act of Uniformity?
1559, Use of a single Book of Common Prayer, ornaments of churches and ministers should be prior to Act of Uniformity 1549
When and were the Elizabethan Royal injunctions?
1559, Emphasised suppression of superstitious practices and churches had to buy an English bible
When and what was the Treaty of Chateau-Cambresis?
1559, France would keep Calais for 8 years then it would be returned to England - or they would pay £125,000. Unless England invaded before then.
When and what was the Treaty of Berwick?
1560, Elizabeth offered an army to Scotland to help the Protestant Lords of the Congregation defeat the Guises.
When and what was the Treaty of Edinburgh?
1560, France and England mutually agreed to withdraw from Scotland. Auld Alliance ended, Anglo-Scottish alliance forming.
When and what was the Treaty of Hampton Court?
1562, tried to meddle in French wars of religion by sending 3,000 troops and economic aid to the Huguenots.
When and what was the Statute of Artificers?
1563, Established compulsory labour - workers couldn’t leave masters or be dismissed without good cause within a year, and maximum wages were set. Gave State authority held by guilds.
When and what was the Act of the Maintenance of the Navy?
1563, had a clause which raised the price limit of grain exports.
What was the Poor Act?
1563, stated that those who refused to contribute to poor relief could be fined.
When and what was the Act for Maintaining Tillage?
1563 (repealed 1593), land which had been tillage for 4+ years must remain as tillage.
When and what was the Treaty of Troyes?
1564, France would keep Calais permanently but would pay England 120,000 crowns. Terms of Chateau-Cambresis now void.
When and what was the Treaty of Blois?
1572, France and England gave up their rivalry and formed an alliance against Spain.
When and what was the Vagabonds Act?
1572, penalties against vagrants - whipping, boring through ear and death penalty. JPs were however to provide shelter for elderly and sick, and keep a record of poor. Funds used to settle and work rogues/vagabonds.
When and what was the Act to Retain the Queen’s Majesty’s Subjects in their Due Obedience?
1581, treasonable to withdraw subject’s allegiance to Queen or C of E. Mass became punishable by imprisonment. Fine for non-attendance was raised to £20 a month.
When and what was the Treaty of Joinville?
1584, Phillip II of Spain financed the Catholic League. Aimed to spread Catholicism throughout Europe.
When and what was the Act against Jesuits and Seminary Priests?
1585, treasonable for Catholic priests to enter England.
When and what was the Treaty of Nonsuch?
1585, Elizabeth supplied 6,400 foot and 1,000 cavalry to Netherlands, along with an annual subsidy of 600,000 florins.
When and what was the Treaty of Berwick V2?
1586, James of Scotland would receive a pension of £4,000 annually. Seemed like he was being considered as an heir.
When and what was the Statue Regarding the Export of Corn?
1593, price limit set on corn.
When and what was the Act against Seditious Sectaries?
1593, People circulating seditious (treasonable) books were punished/executed.
When and what was the Second (later) Elizabethan Poor Law?
1597, complete poor relief code and, with 1601 revision, formed basis of poor relief for 2 centuries.
When and what was the Final Poor law?
1601, revision of 1597 law and would become basis of poor relief for 2 centuries.
