Mary I Flashcards
What year did Mary get married, and to whom?
Philip II of Spain 1554
When were the bad harvests and typhus epidemics under Mary?
Bad harvests 1554-56, Typhus 1556-58
How many parliaments did Mary have during her reign?
5
Why was Wyatt’s rebellion so threatening to Mary?
It reached the gates of London; Elizabeth was implicated in the plot to overthrow her
How many were burnt as heretics under Mary?
289
How many councillors did Mary appoint during her reign?
50
What year did England declare war on France under Mary?
June 1557
What did Mary lose in Jan 1558 due to conflict with France?
Calais
How did Mary reform the military?
Created the first standing army in 1558
Invested £14,000 in building and repairing ships
How much debt did Mary inherit and leave?
Inherited £185,000;
Left £300,000
What did Mary introduce that doubled customs duties?
Book of Rates 1558
When did Pope Julius III die and why was this a problem for Mary?
Died 1555, because Pope Paul IV was anti-Spanish and considered Pole a heretic.
Why did Mary need Parliament to enforce her counter-reformation?
Because reformation legislation had previously been created in statute law, and could only be changed that way.
What signs of Catholicism appeared before Mary’s accession?
Altars in Melton Mowbray,
Mass heard at Bishopsgate
What caused the Wyatt’s rebellion 1554?
Religious grievances
Xenophobia
