Tuberculosis

Question 1

What is the genus (tuberculosis)

Answer 1

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB)

Question 2

What is the type of pathogen (tuberculosis)

Answer 2

Bacteria

Question 3

Structural features of bacteria

Answer 3

Cell wall (peptidogylcan)
Circular dna
No nucleus
Non membrane bound nucleus and organelles
Flagella
Plasmids

Question 4

Transmission (tuberculosis)

Answer 4

Spread via cough, sneeze, spit (respiratory droplets)

Question 5

Define infectivity

Answer 5

Ability of a pathogen to establish an infection

Question 6

Define epidemic

Answer 6

Rapid spread of a disease in a single area or country

Question 7

Define Pandemic

Answer 7

Rapid spread of a disease over a large area or across continents

Question 8

Bacterial life cycle

Answer 8

Binary fission
1 DNA binds to cell membrane
2 cell undergoes DNA replication
3 cell membrane starts to pull apart, separating the strands of DNA
4 cleavage forms and cell wall is built to seperate sides
5 cell splits leaving two daughter cells

Question 9

Tuberculosis life cycle

Answer 9

1 an uninfected possible host uptakes bacteria form infected host
2 MTB travels to alveoli, avoiding macrophages on the way
3 MTB arrives and stays in the alveoli, being surrounded by various white blood cells forming a granuloma
4 MTB complete binary fission to replicate
5 now either it will stop replicating and become dormant or keep replication and burst, releasing a lot of MTB