TS/TR Flashcards
When do you perform surgery with TS?
If other cardiac surgery is needed
What is diagnostic for TS if Echo is unavailable?
RAE, w/out RVH but w/ S/S of RHF
What can be seen on EKG w/ TR?
RAE
RVH
A-fib
What is heard w/ TR?
Blowing holosystolic murmur heard at LLSB w/ diaphragm
When is surgery considered for TR?
If it is severe (valve replacement)
How do you TXT TR?
TXT underlying cause
DIuretics for volume overload/congestion
Important PE findings of TR?
RV heave
Pulsatile liver edge
What tests can be helpful w/ TS?
EKG, CXR, Echo
How does TR occur in RHD?
MS causes pulmonary HTN resulting in RVH pulling TV apart.
What is an increased risk of TR? Why?
A-Fib, RV regurgitating into RA
How is isolated TR tolerated?
Well tolerated by patient
What congenital anomaly is associated with TR?
Epstein anomaly
What happens to JVP wave form w/ TR?
Prominent “V” waves
TS pathophys
TS > Increases RA pressure > Fixed CO from RV > RA dilation > RHF
What causes HF in TS?
Pressure overload
How do you treat TS?
Diuretics
What test is diagnostic for TR?
Echo
What does TS sound like?
Low pitch, diastolic rumble heard at LLSB w/ bell
TR pathophys
RA dilation >
RVH >
HF >
What are palpitations due to in TS?
Dilated atria - a-fib
What are S/S of TS?
Systemic venous congestion S/S
Fatigue
Distended JVP
Palpitations
What sounds similar to TS and why?
MS - opening snap
What increases TS sound?
Increased preload
Leg raise
Inspiration
Squatting
What is seen on an EKG with TS?
RAE w/out RVH but with S/S of RHF
RAE w/out RVH but w/ S/S of RHF indicates?
TS
What test is diagnostic for TS?
Echo
What tests can be used to DX TR?
EKG, CXR, Echo
Is TR a functional issue or a structural issue? Why?
Functional
TV pulled apart - Dilated RA/RV due pressure/volume overload
What intensifies/diminishes TR?
Inspiration increases
Valsalva or standing decreases
Severe TR can cause what to the patient?
Cachectic or chronically ill
TS occurs most commonly with what?
Other valvular lesions such as MS in RHD
What happens to JVP waveform with TS?
Giant “A” waves
What can be seen on CXR w/ TR?
RAE
RVH
What is seen on an CXR with TS?
RAE
