true or false

Question 1

In B2 phase of dogs congestive heart failure, it is not recommended to give medications, because there are no clinical signs yet and the survival cannot be increased

Answer 1

FALSE

Question 2

Pimobendan has an important role in the treatment of congestive heart failure, because it is an inodilator that can directly inhibit cardiac remodelling.

Answer 2

FALSE

Question 3

In the treatment of congestive heart failiure, main therapeutic goals include the increase of heart contractility, decrease of preload and after load, and the inhibition of cardiac remodelling.

Answer 3

TRUE

Question 4

In C phase of dogs´congestive heart failure, it is recommended to combine several drugs to achieve all therapeutic goals. For example, the combination of furosemide + pimobendane + spironolactone can be effective

Answer 4

TRUE

Question 5

Sildenafil can be used in the treatment of congestive heart failure, because it decreases pulmonary hypertension.

Answer 5

TRUE

Question 6

Doxycycline is a first- choice drug in the treatment of Lyme disease.

Answer 6

TRUE

Question 7

Tetracyclines can be classified to short – acting and long – acting substances. Oxytetracycline belongs to the first category, while chlortetracycline to the second

Answer 7

FALSE

Question 8

Phenicols are not active against anaerobic bacteria

Answer 8

FALSE

Question 9

Pseudomonas aeruginosa shows ab ovo resistance to tetracyclines, while acquired resistance is very common in Escherichia coli isolates.

Answer 9

TRUE

Question 10

Long – acting tetracyclines are able to penetrate through the blood – brain barrier, while this is not true for phenicols

Answer 10

FALSE

Question 11

Mycoplasma and chlamydia species are generally sensitive to both tetracycline and phenicols

Answer 11

TRUE

Question 12

Tetracycline and phenicols usually have bacteriostatic activity, but if they reach appropriately high concentrations in the body, they might be bactericidal

Answer 12

TRUE

Question 13

Half - life of florfenicol is shorter in cats and dogs compared to ruminants and swine

Answer 13

TRUE

Question 14

All phenicols can be given to food- producing animals, and this usage is much more common than the treatment of small animals with this drug group.

Answer 14

FALSE

Question 15

Tetracyclines have irritative effect, therefore if they are given orally, they can cause necrosis in the oesophagus, vomiting and diarrhoea.

Answer 15

TRUE

Question 16

if the volume of distribution decreases, it is recommended to decrease the dose of drugs with low therapeutic index, to prevent the increase of toxicity

Answer 16

TRUE

Question 17

more drugs pharmacokinetics can be described with a one compartment open model compared to the use of two compartment open models

Answer 17

FALSE

Question 18

the pharmacokinetics of those drugs, that have strong and lasting binding to some tissues. (e.g. aminoglycosides), can most properly be described with two compartment open model.

Answer 18

FALSE

Question 19

half life elimination phase is usually measured in minutes, while distribution phase in days or weeks

Answer 19

FALSE

Question 20

the development of steady state plasma concentration does not depend on the administration dosage in case of appropriate drug administration

Answer 20

TRUE