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pharmacology 2 Midterm > retake retake > Flashcards

retake retake Flashcards

1
Q

in long term usage, it can cause anemia

A

phenicols

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2
Q

in a long term usage, photodermatitis can occur

A

tetracycline

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3
Q

dysbacteriosis frequently occurs, therefore it is prohibited to give for horses and herbivore rodents

A

lincosamides

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4
Q

its main side effect are nephrotoxicity and otoxicity after parental administration

A

aminoglycosides

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5
Q

it can change the colour of tissues containing high amount of calcium

A

tetracyclines

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6
Q

which substances has reliable effiency against pseudomonas aeruginosa!

A

amikacin, piperacillin, gentamicin, tobramycin, oxytetracycline.

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7
Q

azithromycin

A

macrolides

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8
Q

amikacin

A

aminoglycosides

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9
Q

amoxicillin

A

pencillins (broad spectrum)

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10
Q

tobramycin

A

aminoglycosides

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11
Q

tiamulin

A

pleuromutilins

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12
Q

it contains large molecules that cannot pass the capillary membrane

A

colloid

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13
Q

its indication include the dehydration of cells, and fluid therapy for patients with heart failure

A

hypotonic crystalloid

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14
Q

it is mainly distributed in the interstitial fluid compartment after administration

A

isotonic crystalloid ?

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15
Q

it contains small molecules, and mainly increases volume of the intravasal fluid compartment

A

hypertonic crystalloid

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16
Q

HES infusion belongs here

A

colloid

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17
Q

these drugs are effective against gram positive , gram negative, aerobic and anaerobic bacteria as well

A

phenicols & tetracyclines

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18
Q

in this group, they are substances which can be given to food- producing animals

A

phenicols & tetracyclines

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19
Q

these drugs have poor distribution, therefore if they are given orally, they will only be effective against gastrointestinal infections

A

neither phenicols or tetracycline

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20
Q

these drugs are excreted in the urine in active form, therefore they are less appropriate for treating UTI (urinary tract infection)

A

Phenicols

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21
Q

the first choice drug against foals proliferative enteropathy ( caused by lawsonia intracellularis) belongs here

A

tetracyclines

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22
Q

Orally used drug for the treatment of cushing syndrome………..

A

trilostane

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23
Q

in cows, this substance can be used in combinations with prostaglandin to induce parturiton ………..

A

dexamethasone

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24
Q

oral antidiabetics, used for treatment of diabetes mellitus type II……..

A

acarbose & glipizide

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25
Q

The most toxic, a cardio- toxic macrolide

A

tilmicosin

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26
Q

it has very good activity against, anaerobic bacteria, but also effective against swine dystery. prohibited in horses

A

Lincomycin

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27
Q

Piglets and foals are sensitive to this antibiotic due to lack of a metabolising enzyme

A

procaine pencillin

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28
Q

it is prohibited to use in food producing animals

A

chloramphenicol

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29
Q

this antibiotic is first choice in dogs with lyme disease

A

doxycycline

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30
Q

this substance is authorised & licensed for trout against aeromonas salmonicidia infections

A

florfenicol

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31
Q

in Escherichia coli UTI ( urinary tract infections) this antibiotic is considered the first line treatment

A

amoxicillin

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32
Q

the most potent antibiotic against swine dysentery

A

Valnemulin

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33
Q

its duration of action can reach 14- 28 days after one single injection

A

Tildipirosin

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34
Q

put antibiotics in an increasing order regarding to their activity against brachyspira hyodysenteriae! start with the weakest!

+ the most active substance is given via this administration route

A

lincomycin –> tylvalosin –> tiamulin –> valnemulin

  • IM
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35
Q

in most cases, this group have bacteriostatic effect via inhibiting protein synthesis of bacteria on 50s ribosome subunit

A

Phenicols

36
Q

These antibiotics have a wide spectrum of activity, but resistance is very frequent against them.

A

tetracycline

37
Q

these drugs are not active against pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

tetracycline & phenicols

38
Q

these drugs have good distribution, therefor they can be active against intracellular bacteria

A

tetracycline & phenicols

39
Q

these drugs should not be given simultaneously with milk products, because they bind calcium & magnesium ions, which decreases absorption

A

tetracycline

40
Q

active substance used for the treatment of hyperthyroidism

A

methimazol & thiamazole

41
Q

progestogen, used in large animals for oestrus synchronisation

A

flurogestone, norgestomet

42
Q

orally used drug for the treatment of addison´s disease

A

fludrocortisone

43
Q

oral anti- diabetic, used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus type II

A

glipizide

44
Q

prostaglandin derivation, that can be used for oestrus synchronisation in large animals

A

cloprostenol

45
Q

anti inflammatory & remakable anti pyretic effect

A

meloxicam

46
Q

immunosuppresive & anti- neoplastic effect

A

azathioprine

47
Q

can be used systematically for treatment of atopic dermatitis

A

lokivetmab & oclacitinib

48
Q

anti- endotoxin effect

A

meloxicam

49
Q

this substance is authorised & licensed for trout against aeromonas salmonicidia infections

A

florfenicol

50
Q

it has very good activity against anaerobic bacteria, but also effective against swine dysentery

A

lincomycin

51
Q

this substance is prohibited to combine with ionophore antibiotics

A

tiamulin

52
Q

it can cause irreversible aplastic anaemia

A

chloramphenicol

53
Q

this 30s ribosome subunit inhibitor can be used against proliferative enteropathy in horses

A

doxycycline

54
Q

the most toxic, a cardio-toxic macrolide

A

tilmicosin

55
Q

its duration of action can reach 10- 15 days after on single injection 7 has also good activity against mycoplasma infection

A

gamithromycin

56
Q

the most potent macrolide against swine dysentery

A

Tylvalosine

57
Q

this macrolide antibiotic is not effective against mycoplasma

A

tildipirosin

58
Q

An AMEG C class 50S ribosomal subunit inhibitor antibiotic, which is used for the oral treatment of Mycoplasma spp. infections of pigs and poultry species and is present in high concentrations in the tissues of the respiratory tract.

A

tiamulin

59
Q

Frequently used in canine urinary tract and dermatological diseases, it is an AMEG C class agent with time-dependent bactericidal activity.

A

amoxiclav

60
Q

In respiratory tract infections of pigs and cattle caused by fastidious Gram-negative bacteria, a single intramuscular treatment provides effective concentration at the site of infection for approximately 6-10 days against susceptible pathogens.

A

tulathromycin

61
Q

It is the antibiotic of choice for Lyme disease and is also used in the treatment of heartworm disease against Wolbachia pipientis, which lives in symbiosis with the female heartworm.

A

doxycycline

62
Q

It is one of the most effective agents for the treatment of diseases of
pigs caused by Lawsonia intracellularis and Brachyspira hyodysenteriae, and may also be used to treat diseases caused by Mycoplasma spp., but is not allowed for use in horses.

A

lincomycin

63
Q

In small animal practice it is mainly used to treat infecgions caused by MRSA, MRSP and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

A

amikacin

64
Q

The antibiotic of choice for the treatment of necrotising enteritis caused by Clostridium perfringens in poultry species, which belongs to AMEG category D.

A

phenoxymethyl- penicillin

65
Q

It is a suitable combination for the treatment of prostatitis in dogs due to its excellent distribution and efficacy, however, the tear production of the treated dog should be monitored continuously during therapy due to the risk of developing keratoconjunctivitis sicca.

A

sulfamethoxazole - trimethoprim

66
Q

An AMEG B class antibiotic that provides several days of therapeutic drug concentrationeven after a single injection for bovine foot-rot disease and Streptococcus suis infection in piglets.

A

cetfiour - CFA

67
Q

It is used as a combination agent in the treatment of Rhodococcus equi infection in foals, and in the treatment of Campylobacter enteritis in small animals.

A

azithromycin

68
Q

A concentration-dependent bactericidal active substance used for the treatment of respiratory tract infections of cattle and pigs caused by fastidious Gram-negative bacteria and Mycoplasma species, based on the «one shot» principle.

A

enrofloxacin

69
Q

This antibiotic is also used orally and parenterally in pet practice, mainly for the treatment of dermatological and urinary tract infections and due to its chemical structure, it cannot be degraded by penicillinase.

A

cephalexin

70
Q

Concentration-dependent bactericidal agent for the treatment of diarrhoea in piglets caused by E. coli, which is absorbed orally from the gastrointestinal tract in small quantities, yet has a 5 day WP for edible tissues.

A

gentamicin

71
Q

By itself and in combination with metronidazole, it is an excellent bacteriostatic antibiotic for the treatment of oral cavity infections.

A

spiramycin

72
Q

A concentration-dependent bactericidal antibiotic used to treat diarrhoea in calves and piglets caused by E. coli and Salmonella enterica. AMEG B.

A

colistin

73
Q

It is a broad-spectrum, concentration-dependent bactericidal agent that is also effective against streptococcal and anaerobic infections in contrast to previous generations in the antibiotic class.

A

pradofloxacin

74
Q

Bacteriostatic antibiotic with broad antibacterial spectrum and excellent pharmacokinetic properties for the treatment of infectious keratoconjunctivitis in cattle.

A

oxytetracycline

75
Q

It is an AMEG C class antibiotic used for the external treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis in the small animal practice. The owner should be advised to wear rubber gloves when using it, as it may cause irreversible aplastic anaemia in susceptible humans.

A

chloramphenicol

76
Q

This antibiotic is banned for the treatment of goats, can only be used subcutaneously in cattle and sheep, and can only be used orally to treat pigs, usually for the treatment of respiratory tract infections caused by fastidious Gram-negative bacteria

A

tilmicosin

77
Q

An antibiotic for bacterial skin infections and urinary tract infections in dogs and cats, which, after a single subcutaneous application, provides a therapeutic concentration against susceptible bacteria at the site of infection for approximately 2 weeks.

A

cefovecin

78
Q

An AMEG C class 50s ribosomal subunit inhibitor anitibiotic used for oral
treatment of mycoplasma ssp. Infections in pigs, which is present in high
concentrations in the airway tissue

A

valnemulin

79
Q

An agent used in Gram-negative urinary tract infections in dogs, which
reaches therapeutic concentrations only in the urine

A

Nitrofurantoin

80
Q

In respiratory tract infections of pigs and cattle caused by Gram-negative
fastidious bacteria, a single intramuscular treatment provides effective
concentration at the site of infection for approximately 10-14 days against
suspectible pathogens.

A

Gamithromycin

81
Q

An antibacterial agent effective against anaerobic bacteria used in combination
with spiramycin in oral cavity infectious in dogs

A

metronidazole

82
Q

An active substance for treatment of colitis caused by Lawsonia intracellularis
in foals.

A

Doxycyline

83
Q

The active substance of choice for the treatment of pharyngitis caused by
Streptococcus ssp. in dogs

A

benzylpenicillin

84
Q 
An active substance for the external use in treatment of bovine foot disease,
belonging to the class AMEG D
A

oxytetracycline

85
Q

For the treatment of pseudomonas aeruginosa ear infections in dogs, this
AMEG C drug may be used as an ear drop, but the intergrity of the eardrum
should be checked before administration.

A

gentamicin

86
Q

A highly effective endotoxin-neutralizing AMEG B antibiotic for the
treatment of enteritis of calves caused by E.coli and salmonella ssp.

A

collistin

87
Q

The use of this active substance in horses is very risky due to damage to the
intestinal microbiota and the cartilage of the horse, but it can be used in
severe, life-threatening infections with the owners consent.

A

enrofloxacin

pharmacology 2 Midterm (5 decks)

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