Trigger - All Flashcards

1
Q

suspicion of what condition would lead to ordering ESR and CRP

A

temporal arteritis

should also get a temporal artery biopsy

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2
Q

patients who are elderly, alcoholics, substance abusers, or on antiplatelt/anticoags are all at increased suspicion for what etiology of headache

A

subdural hematomas and intracerebral hemorrhages

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3
Q

a patient w HA who also has vestibular symptoms is suspected to have what etiology

A

cerebellar hemorrhage

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4
Q

HA that is worse in the morning, better/worse with position changes and worse with valsalva is likely what etiology? what other symptoms may you see?

A

space occupying brain tumors

other sx: nausea/vomiting

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5
Q

patients with AMS, seizures and a hx of cancer are at increased risk of what HA etiology

A

metastatic brain lesions

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6
Q

a patient with polycythemia or clotting factor deficiencies is at risk for what HA etiology?

A

cerebral venous thrombosis

risk factors:
hypercoagulable states d/t OCP
postpartum
perioperative status
clotting factor deficiencies
polycythemia

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7
Q

a patient who is postpartum, perioperative status, or on OCPs is at risk for what HA etiology?

A

cerebral venous thrombosis

risk factors:
hypercoagulable states d/t OCP
postpartum
perioperative status
clotting factor deficiencies
polycythemia

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8
Q

PE shows papilledema with neuro symptoms that wax and wane

A

cerebral venous thrombosis

risk factors:
hypercoagulable states d/t OCP
postpartum
perioperative status
clotting factor deficiencies
polycythemia

(idiopathic intracranial HTN also presents w papilledema)

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9
Q

lumbar pressure will show increased opening pressure in which HA etiologies

A
  • cerebral venous thrombosis
  • idiopathic intracranial HTN
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10
Q

best test for this HA etiology is MR venography

A

cerebral venous thrombosis

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11
Q

presents with fatigue, fever, jaw claudication, and visual disturbances.

A

temporal arteritis

also see tender/pulsless, or normal temproal arteries

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12
Q

MC in patients over 50 and risk increases w age

A

temporal arteritis

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13
Q

gradual onset HA with pulsating unilateral pain and assocaited phonophobia and photophobia that is worse with activity

A

migraine headache

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14
Q

MC in obese women 20-44

A

idiopathic intracranial HTN

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15
Q

HA presenting with back pain, visual disturbances and tinnitus is likely what etiology?

A

idiopathic intracranial HTN

PE would show papilledema

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16
Q

presents with papilledema

A
  • idiopathic intracranial HTN
  • cerebral venous thrombosis
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17
Q

can lead to permanent visual loss

A
  • idiopathic intracranial HTN
  • temporal arteritis
18
Q

Pt w a headache who has a hx of epidural injection yesterday is likely what etiology

A

intracranial hypotension

19
Q

pt presents with HA that is worse when sitting up and alleviated by lying down. she is vomiting and has altered hearing and vision

A

intracranial hypotension

20
Q

unilateral HA with associated symptoms of nasal congestion and constant pacing across the room. pt reports this has been happening daily for the past 2 weeks

A

cluster HA

21
Q

tx w oral prednisone 60mg QD

A

temporal arteritis WITHOUT vision loss

22
Q

tx with acetazolamide 250-500mg BID

A

idiopathic intracranial hypertension.

aslo:
- reccomend weight loss to obese patients.
- remove excess CSF during diagnostic LP to 15-20cm H2O
-consult neuro/opthalmology

23
Q

tx is epidural blood patch

A

intracranial hypotension

24
Q

tx is high flow oxygen 12L/min for 15 min. also give SQ sumatriptan if needed

A

cluster headaches

25
a HA patient with polycystic kidney disease, marfans syndrome or ehlers-danlos syndrome suggests what possible etiology
SAH
26
if a LP shows RBC's or xanthochromia what is the suspected HA etiology
SAH
27
enterovirus and echovirus are the MCC of what headache etiology
Aseptic meningitis
28
HSV is the MC and most treatable cause of what
encephalitis
29
cog deficits, psych symptoms, and seizures in the presence of headache and fever may suggest what etiology?
encephalitis can also see: AMS neck stiffness
30
pts with meningitis that are also one of the following are at risk for what bacterial etiology: - 50+ years - pregnant - alcoholic - immunocomp
listeria monocytogenes meningitis (tx w 3rd gen ceph (ceftriaxone(rocephin)) + vanc + ampicillin)
31
pt with symptoms for 1-8 weeks prior to diagnosis and radiation of symptoms to ears/eyes/sinuses
brain abscess
32
over half of these infections spread from hematogenous spread of bacteria from soft tissue, urine or respiratory sources.
epidural abscesses
33
characterized by back pain, fever, neuro symptoms
spinal epidural abscess (fever also common)
34
IVDU, spinal surgery, and LP or epidural are all risks for what HA etiology
spinal epidural abscess
35
decreased rectal tone and decerased perineal sensations
cauda equina syndrome
36
1st line- gadolinium MRI 2nd - CT w myelography if MRi not possible
epidural abscess
37
treat with Vanc + ceftazidime/cefipime +/- gentamycin
epidural abscess suspicion
38
1/3 of these events are associated w neurologic events such as TIA and stroke
temporal arteritis
39
PE shows auditory processing disorder and flame hemorrhages on fundoscopy
Temporal arteritis
40
Presents with a normal PE
trigeminal neuralgia
41
tx by carbamazepine 100mg PO BID then increasing dose slowly as needed.
trigeminal neuralgia