Lecture 16: OB-GYN Emergencies Flashcards

1
Q

The MCC of abnormal vaginal bleeding in a PRE-menarcheal girl is…

A

Trauma/abuse :(

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2
Q

The MCC of abnormal vaginal bleeding once you hit reproductive age is…

A

Coagulopathies

It was first on her slide so im guessing MC

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3
Q

The MCC of abnormal vaginal bleeding in a POST-menopausal woman is…

A

Exogenous hormones

That OCP MHT

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4
Q

An unstable abnormal vaginal bleed can be treated with IV (), but a stable abnormal vaginal bleed can be treated with oral ()

A
  • IV Estrogen
  • Oral short-term MHT or TXA
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5
Q

The 5 RFs for an ectopic pregnancy are:

  • Prior () pregnancy
  • Prior () surgery
  • () infections
  • () disease
  • (-osis)
A
  • Prior ectopic
  • Prior abd/pelvic/fallopian tube surgery
  • STIs
  • PID
  • Endometriosis

Also smoking + older with fertility issues

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6
Q

The classic triad of ectopic pregnancy is:

  • () pain
  • () bleeding
  • ()rrhea
A
  • Abdominal pain
  • Vaginal bleeding
  • Amenorrhea
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7
Q

Which hCG lab test is preferred and WHY

A

Quantitative is preferred, aka it gives you an actual number like 30.

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8
Q

The first US you would get of a suspect ectopic pregnancy is…

A

TransABDOMINAL (bladder full)

TVUS is empty bladder

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9
Q

A typical home pregnancy test is the equivalent of hCG being ()

A

20

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10
Q

T/F: An unstable vaginal bleed in early pregnancy (< 20 weeks) with an Rh+ mother and Rh- fetus requires Rhogam and emergent OB consult.

A

False. It is for Rh- mothers with an Rh+ fetus

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11
Q

() describes the implantation of the placenta over the cervical os

A

Placenta previa

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12
Q

A pool of fluid in the posterior fornix is diagnostic of …

A

PROM

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13
Q

() describes vaginal bleeding in the first 20 weeks of pregnancy with a closed cervical os, benign exam, and no passage of tissue.

A

Threatened abortion

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14
Q

() describes partial passage of conceptus, usually between 6-14 weeks.

A

Incomplete abortion

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15
Q

() describes fetal death at less than 20 weeks without passage of any fetal tissue for 4+ weeks after fetal death

A

Missed abortion

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16
Q

The only two abortion types that require a D&C are…

A
  • Incomplete: partial passage of products of conception
  • Missed: fetus died 4 weeks ago
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17
Q

The empiric ABX for septic abortion are () or (), along with ()

A
  • Unasyn or clinda
  • Gentamicin
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18
Q

The timeframe for chronic HTN is beginning before () gestation or lasting () weeks after delivery

A

Started before 20 weeks or lasting 12+ weeks after delivery

AKA it already existed or it existed way beyond pregnancy

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19
Q

The time frame for gestational HTN is after () weeks gestation or in the immediate () period.

A

After 20 weeks gestation or with immediate postpartum period.

20
Q

Elevated BP in pregnancy is SBP greater than () OR DBP > 90 on () occasions more than () hours apart.

A
  • > 140
  • > 90
  • 2 occasions more than 4 hours apart
21
Q

You should treat gestational HTN via ()

A

Lifestyle modifications

22
Q

The presence of () turns gestational HTN into pre-eclampsia.

A

Proteinuria >= 300mg in 24 hrs

Alternative criteria linked

23
Q

Besides proteinuria, HELLP syndrome is basically the equivalent to pre-eclampsia. It stands for…

A
  • Hemolysis
  • Elevated LFTs
  • Low Platelets

HELLP!!!!!!

24
Q

Severe pre-eclampsia is pre-eclampsia + ()

A

End-organ involvement

25
Pre-eclampsia becomes eclampsia once () occurs.
Seizures
26
In HELLP syndrome, () may not be present, which is always present in pre-eclampsia
HELLP does not always have elevated BP!!! | But it is a clinical variant of pre-eclampsia
27
Besides focused US for pre-eclampsia evaluation, you can also order a...
CT Abdomen
28
The DOC for both severe pre-eclampsia and eclampsia is...
IV MgSO4 4-6g
29
Severe HTN in pregnancy (with a goal to reduce by (%)), is either using () or ()
* 10% reduction in BP is goal * IV Labetalol * IV Hydralazine
30
Overall, the definitive way to solve severe pre-eclampsia/eclampsia is...
Delivering the fetus!
31
Pelvic pain is usually due to gynecologic pathology, but you must always get a ()
ALWAYS GET A PREGNANCY TEST N REPRODUCTIVE AGED WOMEN
32
Primary dysmenorrhea is essentially () pain that comes () period
Crampy abdominal pain before or after prior | NOT DURING
33
Mittelschmerz is pelvic pain that occurs () period
DURING period (ovulation) | Mittel like Middle
34
Ovarian cyst rupture causes (side) pain
Unilateral
35
You should be concerned about an ovarian cyst if it is greater than () cm, multi(), or (consistency)
* Greater than 8cm * Multiloculated * Solid | Normally just fluid filled
36
() describes sudden onset of unilateral, severe adnexal pain with N/V and fever. They have a hx of chemical ovulation.
Ovarian torsion
37
() describes chronic inflammation within the pelvis resulting from ()tissue implanting outside the uterus
* Endometriosis * Endometrium-like tissue
38
T/F: Leiomyomas are benign smooth muscle tumors in the uterus and/or GI tract.
Trueeee | Uterine fibroids, the big single ones
39
PID encompasses 4 diseases: * ()itis * ()itis * () abscess * Pelvic ()itis
* Endometritis * Salpingitis * Tubo-ovarian abscess * Pelvic Peritonitis
40
PID has 3 groups of diagnostic criteria: * Group 1 (minimum criteria): () tenderness and () motion tenderness * Group 2 (increased specificity): (systemic), Secretions elevated ESR/CRP, positive () * Group 3 (procedures based): lappy, Pelvic US/MRI, () biopsy
* Group 1: Uterine/adnexal tenderness and cervical motion tenderness * Group 2: Fever, positive pelvic cultures * Group 3: Endometrial biopsy
41
T/F: PID is a risk factor for ectopic pregnancy and infertility
TRUEEE
42
Pelvic pain is initially evaluated via a (imaging)
TVUS
43
T/F: A tubo-ovarian abscess causing pelvic pain is an indication to admit.
Trueee
44
2 ways to treat PID via IVs: * () or (), with () * (), plus ()
* Cefotetan or cefoxitin, plus doxy * Clinda plus gentamicin * alternate: unasyn + doxy | Tin tan goes the dock, clint is a gentleman to women
45
# If FQ resistance is high Oral/OP tx of PID: * () IM once, or () IM once with probenecid ORRRR * another 3rd gen cephalo with () +/- Metronidazole | I wrote more important slide?
* Rocephin or Cefoxitin + probenecid * 3rd gen + doxy +/- metro
46