Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuro Block 6 > Trigeminal Nerve System > Flashcards

Trigeminal Nerve System Flashcards

1
Q

Where do sensory signals from the body come from?

A
  • posterior column-medial lemniscal pathway
  • spina-cerebellar pathways
  • anteriolateral system
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Where do sensory signals for head come from

A

Trigeminothalamic pathways

-trigeminocerebellar pathways

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The sensory system that detects and transmits signals from the face no anterior scalp

A

Trigeminal nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are some types of sensations of trigeminal nerve

A
  • fine touch
  • flutter-vibration
  • proprioception (position sense)
  • temperature sensation
  • nociception (pain)
  • visceral sensation from the oral cavity
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Trigeminal nerve also provides touch and pain sensation to

A
  • supratentorial dura mater

- the nasal sinuses, nasal cavity, mouth, and anterior two-thirds of the tongue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where does the trigeminal nerve exit the brainstem

A

Midpontine level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

After the trigeminal nerve crosses the subarachnoid space, what does it enter

A

A fossa posterior and inferolateral to the cavernous sinus called meckel’s cave

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What lies in Meckel’s cave

A

Trigeminal ganglion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where does V1 exit the skull

A

Superior orbital fissure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where does V2 exi the skull

A

Foramen rotundum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Where does V3 exit skull

A

Forman ovale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where are the cell bodies of the trigeminal PRIMARY afferent neurons located

A

In he trigeminal ganglion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the sensory nuclei for the trigeminal nerve

A
  • principal sensory nucleus

- spinal nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the motor nucleus for trigeminal nerve

A

Motor trigeminal nucleus (muscles of mastication)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where do part of the primary sensory neurons synapse?

A

Principal sensory nucleus, some in the spinal nucleus (descending branches)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The relay and central processing of input from trigeminal first order neurons occurs in the ________ nuclei

A

Brainstem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Second order neurons cross the midline forming the

A

Anterior trigeminothalamic tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Where do the second order neurons that cross the midline and form the anterior trigeminothalamic tract communicate with third order neurons

A

In the contralateral thalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Within the brainstem, the ascending branches of trigeminal terminate in the ______________ located in the pons

A

Principal sensory nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What do the fibers that terminate in the principal sensory nucleus carry?

A
  • fine touch
  • position
  • vibration
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The descending branches of the trigeminal nerve coalesce to form the ____________ of the trigeminal nerve

A

Spinal (descending) tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What kind of fibers do the descending branches that terminate in the spinal trigeminal nucleus carry?

A
  • pain

- temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What happens if there is a lesion on the spinal trigeminal nucleus?

A

Lesion here will spare fine touch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Neurons in the ventrolateral part of the principal sensory nucleus give rise to axons that project to the what

A

Contralateral ventral posteromedial nucleus of the thalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

The ascending projections from the principal sensory nucleus form what

A

Anterior trigeminothalamic tract, which courses close to the medial lemniscus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What do the neurons in the principal sensory nucleus relay?

A

Discimitive tactile info from the head to the (VPM) of the thalamus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

The third order neurons of the trigeminal nerve project from the VPM through the posterior limb of the internal capsule and do what

A

Reach the sensory cortex

28
Q

What forms the anterior trigeminothalamic tract

A

The axons of the second order neurons in the spinal trigeminal nucleus decussate, then coalesce to form this

29
Q

Where do the fibers of the trigeminothalamic tract terminate

A

In the ventral posterio-medial (VPM), the posterior, and the intralaminar nuclei of the thalamus

30
Q

What do the fibers of the trigeminothalmic tract carry

A

Pain and temp

31
Q

The third order neurons from the trigeminothalamic tract project from the VPM through the posterior limb of the internal capsule and reach what

A

Sensory cortex

32
Q

Unilateral lesion at the spinal trigeminal tract/nucleus but sparing the main nucleus

A

Lost: pain and temp ipsilateral
Spared: fine touch and position

33
Q

Lesion of the lateral pons or medulla-pons border damaging all the main sensory, motor nucleus, and the ascending TTT from the medulla

A

Lost: pain and temp contralterally
Lost: fine touch and position ipsilateral lay
Paralysis of the muscles of mastication

34
Q

Lesion rostral to all the nuclei that damages the TTT

A

Lost: pain and temp
Lost: fine touch and position

35
Q

How are the spinal trigeminal tract and nucleus organized

A

Somatotopically

  • V1 more localized more centrally
  • V2 in the middle
  • V3 dorsally
36
Q

Perioral areas are represented where

A

More rostrally in then nucleus

37
Q

PICA stroke

A

Affects lateral medulla

  • sensory loss for pain and temp from ipsilateral face
  • if only the lower part of spinal nucleus is affected, the sensory loss will be around mouth
  • if only the upper part of the spinal nucleus is affected, the sensory loss will be as a mantle around the face
38
Q

Some of the neurons of the trigeminal nerve reside in the ____________ if they are not in the trigeminal nucleus

A

Mesencephalic nucleus

39
Q

The central processes of the trigeminal mesencephalic neurons innervate what

A

Cells of the trigeminal motor nucleus

40
Q

Trigeminal motor neurons project through V3 and innervate

A

Muscles of mastication

41
Q

Sensory neurons located in the mesencephalic nucleus that contact with motor neurons in the motor nucleus do what

A

Form a reflex loop

42
Q

The input from trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus sensory neurons to the motor nucleus forms the

A

Afferent limb of the myotatic jaw jerk reflex

43
Q

The jaw jerk reflex consists of sensory neurons that innervate _____________ and terminate on _________

A

Muscle spindles in jaw closing muscles

Trigeminal motor neurons

44
Q

In jaw jerk reflex the axons of the trigeminal motor neurons innervate

A

Muscles that elevate jaw

45
Q

What does a gentle tap on the jaw activate

A

The afferent fibers of the jaw jerk reflex and initiates a contraction of the homonymous muscle as we its synergists

46
Q

What does the jaw jerk proved reflex for

A

To jaw muscles during mastication to regulate bite force

47
Q

What do the primary neurons from CNV serve

A

Cutaneous sensation from face, temporal region, and the anterior scalp

48
Q

The trigeminal also innervates

A
  • supratentorial meninges
  • temporomandibualr joint
  • oral cavity, tooth pulp, and periodontium
49
Q

The peripheral distribution of the branches of the CNV delineate what

A

The facial dermatomes

50
Q

Boundaries of the facial dermatomes

A

Sharply defined

51
Q

What helps sharpen the contrast between adjacent receptive fields in the facial dermatomes

A

Second order neurons in the principal sensory nucleus have relatively small receptive fields

52
Q

How to test CNV

A
  • pt clsoe eyes
  • use sharp object to test pain or soft object to test fine touch
  • test each side of the face at the levels of the nerve
  • ask patient to point where they felt the touch
53
Q

What is a clinical condition that illustrates the divisional pattern of the trigeminal system

A

Herpes zoster or shingles

54
Q

Rash from shingles

A

Outlines the affected dermatome or spinal cord segment. V1 or V2 is usually affected, and the rash is unilateral. Cornea may be affected and could lead to blindness

55
Q

This type of headache is from hypertension. Feels like the head is being squeezed

A

Tension headache

56
Q

This type of headache is usually mostly one sided accompanied by vertigo, nausea, photophobia

A

Migraine

57
Q

This type of headache more common in men, above hte eye (red eyes). Very intense

A

Cluster headache

58
Q

This type of headache is extremely intense pain. Can originate from anywhere, very sharp. Can be neuropathic or symptom of CNV compression. Imaging would be needed

A

Trigeminal neuralgia

59
Q

Headache connected to trigeminal nerve

A

Meninges are supplied by fibers of the trigeminal ganglion cells that terminate in the spinal trigeminal nucleus. These fibers are though to be involved in the pain of migraine headaches

60
Q

Described as one of the most painful conditions known

A

Trigeminal neuralgia

61
Q

Principal sensory nucleus

A

Transmits fine touch

62
Q

Spinal nucleus

A

Transmits pain and temp

63
Q

Mesencephalic nucleus

A

Forms reflex loop

64
Q

Motor nucleus

A

Sends motor neurons via V3 to innervate the muscles of mastication

65
Q

What forms the anterior trigeminothalamic tract

A

Second order neurons crossing the midline

66
Q

What do third order neuron of trigeminal do

A

Project through the posterior limb of the internal capsule and reach the sensory cortex

Neuro Block 6 (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions