Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Neuro-Endo Exam 1 > Triangles of the Neck > Flashcards

Triangles of the Neck Flashcards

1
Q

What are the borders of the Occipital Triangle portion of the Posterior Triangle?

A

Trapezius M.

Sternocleidomastoid M.

Inferior Omohyoid M.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the borders that make up the Subclavicular Triangle within the Posterior Triangle?

A

Clavicale B.

Sternocleidomastoid M.

Inferior Omohyoid M.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the borders of the Submandibular Triangle?

A

Mandible

Posterior Belly of Digastric M.

Anterior Belly of Digastric M.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the borders of the Submental triangle?

A

Anterior Belly of Digastric M.

Hyoid B.

Midline of Neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the borders of the muscular triangle?

A

Hyoid B.

Superior Belly of Omohyoid M.

Sternocleidomastoid M.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the borders of the Carotid Triangle?

A

SCM

Posterior Belly of Digastric M.

Superior Belly of Omohyoid M.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

All of the following structures are found within C5-C6 except for which of the following?

A. Arch of Cricoid Cartilage

B. Superior End of Esophagus

C. Upper margin of Thyroid Cartilage

D. None of the above

A

Upper margin of Thyroid Cartilage

  • found at C3/C4

C3-C4 Structures

  • bifurcation of common carotid
  • body of hyoid B.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

The muscles found within the Posterior Triangle include the Semispinalis Capitis, Splenius Capitis, Levator Scapulae, and all 3 scalenes. Within this triangle are also major arteries and 2 major veins. What are they?

A

Arteries

Subclavian A., Thyrocervical Trunk, Transverse Cervical A., Suprascapular A., Dorsal Scapular A, part of Occipital A.

Veins

External Jugular V

Subclavian V.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

The External Jugular V. is found anterior to the SCM. If it can significantly be seen under the skin during rest this might indicate what issue?

A

Heart Failur or Obstruction of the Superior Vena Cava

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Which of the following arteries found in the posterior triangle will you see going laterally across the Phrenic N and Anterior Scalene M.?

A. Transverse Cervical A. and Costocervical Trunk

B. Suprascapular A. and Deep Cervical A.

C. Transverse Cervical A. and Suprascapular A.

D. Suprascapular A. and Thyrocervical Trunk

A

Transverse Cervical A. and Suprascapular A.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

T/F: The Thyrocervical Trunk gives off branches but is not technically in the posterior triangle

A

True

According to Dr. Kiem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the 4 cutaneous branches off the cervical plexus?

A

Lesser Occipital (C2)

Greater Auricular (C2/3)

Transverse Cervical (C2/3)

Supraclavicular (C3/4)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Which of the following cutaneous branches of the cerivcal plexus supplies the skin of the neck and scalp posterior to the auricle?

A. Lesser Occipital (C2)

B. Greater Auricular (C2/3)

C. Transverse Cervical (C2/3)

D. Supraclavicular (C3/4)

A

Lesser Occipital (C2)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Which of the following cutaneous branches of the cerivcal plexus supplies skin and sheath over the parotid gland, mastoid process, auricle and angle of the mandible?

A. Lesser Occipital (C2)

B. Greater Auricular (C2/3)

C. Transverse Cervical (C2/3)

D. Supraclavicular (C3/4)

A

Greater Auricular (C2/3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which nerve off the cervical plexus supplies sensory to the skin of the anterior cervical region?

A

Transverse Cervical N. (C2/3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Contraction or shortening of the SCM is called Torticollis and is caused by a muscle issue or a Spinal Accessory N. issue. Which of the following descriptions is accurate about Torticollis’ presentation?

A. Head tilts towards the affected side

B. Head tilts away from the affected side

C. Inability to elevate or retracted scapula

D. Head raised superiorly

A

Head tilts away from the affected side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Name the 4 suprahyoid muscles found in the Anterior Triangle, that elevate the hyoid and the larynx?

A

Mylohyoid

Stylohyoid

Anterior/Posterior Bellies of Digastric

Geniohyoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What are the 4 muscles Infrahyoid muscles that depress the hyoid and larynx? Note they are also found in the anterior triangle?

A

Sternohyoid

Superior Belly of Omohyoid

Sternothyroid

Thyrohyoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the names of the 6 branches off the External Carotid A.?

A

Superior Thyroid A.

Ascending Pharyngeal A.

Lingual A.

Facial A.

Occipital A.

Posterior Auricular A.

Maxillary A.

Superficial Temporal A.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which of the folllowing contents found in the Submandibular Triangle is found going between the mylohyoid and Hypoglossus M.?

A. Submandibular Gland

B. Facial A and V

C. N. to the Mylohyoid

D. Hypoglossal N.

A

Hypoglossal N.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The Mylohyoid M. is found in all of the following triangles except which of the following?

A. Submandibular

B. Submental

C. Muscular Triangle

D. All of the above

A

Muscular Triangle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What vein is found within the submental triangle?

A

Anterior Jugular V.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What structure major is associated with the Muscular Triangle, due to its location within the triangle?

A

Thyroid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

All of the following pharyngeal constrictors are found within the Carotid Traingle, EXCEPT?

A. Superior Contrictor

B. Middle Constrictor

C. Inferior Constrictor

A

Superior Contrictor

From Hypoglossus M. to Inferior Constrictor

25
Q

The Carotid Sinus and Carotid Body are both innervated by which of the following Nerves?

A. Carotid Body off the Glossopharyngeal N.

B. Carotid Sinus N. off the Glossopharyngeal N.

C. Carotid Sinus N off the Vagus N

D. A and B

E. B and C

A

B. Carotid Sinus N. off the Glossopharyngeal N.

C. Carotid Sinus N off the Vagus N

26
Q

The Hypoglossal N. comes out of the Hypoglossal Canal and wraps around which of the following arteries found in the Caroitd Triangle?

A. Lingual A.

B. External Carotid A.

C. Occipital A.

D. Internal Carotid A.

A

Occipital A.

27
Q

Arteries wirthin the Muscular Triangle include the Common Carotid, Superior Thyroid and Inferior Thyroid. However, what are the 4 veins found within the triangle?

Hint: they’re proably going to have something to do with the thyroid

A

Anterior Jugular V.

Superior, Inferior, Middle Thyroid V.

Nerves: Ansa Cervicalis, External Laryngeal, Recurrent Laryngeal Ns.

28
Q

The Vagus N. is found wthin the Carotid Triangle and gives off several branches. Name the 3 branches, and include any relevant nerves they give off.

A
  1. Pharyngeal Branch
  2. Superior Laryngeal Branch
  3. Carotid Body Branch
29
Q

Here take a look at 3 important Nerves

A

Cool

The Carotid Triangle contains

  • Internal Laryngeal, External Laryngeal, Hypoglossal, Spinal Accessory, Ansa Cervicalis
30
Q

A pneumothorax can occur when placing a central line through which of the following artery and vein pair, that are superficial to ~2 inches of the lung found in the thoracic outlet?

A. Subscapular A and V

B. Suprasacpular A and V

C. Facial A and V

D. Subclavian A and V.

A

Subclavian A and V.

31
Q

Describe Thoracic Outlet syndrome

A. Compression of the Inferior Trunk Brachial plexus by the 1st rib within the Thoracic Inlet/Outlet region

B. Compression of the Superior Trunk Brachial plexus by the 1st rib within the Thoracic Inlet/Outlet region

C. Compression of the Middle Trunk Brachial plexus by the 1st rib within the Thoracic Inlet/Outlet region

D. None of the above

A

Compression of the Inferior Trunk Brachial plexus by the 1st rib within the Thoracic Inlet/Outlet region

32
Q

The Phrenic N. comes from what cervical spinal roots?

A

C3-5

33
Q

What are the 4 motor branches of the Cervical Plexus?

A

Hypoglossal N

Superior Root of Ansa Cervicalis

Phrenic N.

Inferior Root of Ansa Cervicalis

34
Q

Horner’s Syndrome

Horner’s syndrome is a rare condition characterized by miosis (constriction of the pupil), ptosis (drooping of the upper eyelid), and anhidrosis (absence of sweating of the face). It is caused by damage to the sympathetic nerves of the face.

A

Horner’s syndrome is a rare condition characterized by miosis (constriction of the pupil), ptosis (drooping of the upper eyelid), and anhidrosis (absence of sweating of the face). It is caused by damage to the sympathetic nerves of the face.

35
Q

Damage to the Sympathetic Trunk leads to Horner’s Syndrome. The Sympathetic Trunk gives off 3 ganglia as shown below. Which of the following ganglia might be fused with the first thoracic ganglia at T1 where it would be called Stellate Ganglion?

A. Superior Cervical Ganglia

B. Middle Cervical Ganglia

C. Inferior Cervical Ganglia

A

Inferior Cervical Ganglia

36
Q

What are the contents found in the Superficial Fascia of the neck found between the dermis and Investing layer of Deep Cervical Fascia?

A

Cutaneous N

Blood and Lymphatics

Superficial LN

Fat

Platysma Muscle (innervated by Cervical branch of Facial N.)

37
Q

The Deep Cervical fascia consists of several layers. Which of the following layers encloses the Trpezius, SCM, Parotid and Submandibular Glands (relevant for MUMPs)?

A. Investing Layer

B. Pretracheal Layer

C. Pre-vertebral Layer

D. Carotid Sheath

A

Investing Layer

Investing Layer goes from occipital and temporal bones to the level manubrium of the sternum

38
Q

The Deep Cervical fascia consists of several layers. Which of the following layers goes from skull to mediatinum, and includes the infrahyoid muscles and Buccopharyngeal fascia and a visceral layer?

A. Investing Layer

B. Pretracheal Layer

C. Prevertebral Layer

D. Carotid Sheath

A

Pretracheal Layer

39
Q

The Carotid Sheath houses which of the following?

A. Vagus N.

B. Internal Jugular V.

C. Common Carotid A.

D. Ansa Cervicalis

E. All of the Above

A

All of em

40
Q

The Retropharyngeal space is found between the pretracheal and prevertebral layers and bounded by the Buccopharyngeal Layer. This space is clincally significant as absesses can spread within this region as a result from oral or upper respiratory infections. Specifically swelling of this space can cause which of the following?

A. Difficulty swallowing only

B. Difficulty speaking only

C. Difficulty swallowing and speaking

D. None of the above

A

Difficulty swallowing and speaking

41
Q

Which of the following nerves is found in the groove between the Trachea and Esophagus deep tp the lateral lobes of the thyroid?

A. Superior Thyroid A.

B. Recurrent Laryngeal N.

C. Left Laryngeal N.

D. Left Vagus N.

A

Recurrent Laryngeal N.

42
Q

Which of the following arteries supplies the anterior and superior aspect of the thyroid gland?

A. Superior Thyroid

B. Inferior Thyroid

C. Thyroid Ima A.

A

Superior Thyroid

43
Q

Identify structures on the Larynx

A
44
Q

Which of the following is found between the Vestibular Folds and Vocal Folds?

A. Layrngeal Ventricle

B. Rima Glottidis

C. Infraglottic Cavity

D. Laryngeal Vestibule

A

Layrngeal Ventricle

45
Q

Which of the following laryngeal spaces is found between thelaryngeal inlet and vestibular folds?

A. Laryngeal Ventricle

B. Laryngeal Vestibule

C. Rima Glottidis

D. Infraglottic Cavity

A

Laryngeal Vestibule

46
Q

All of the following muscles are innervated by the Inferior Laryngeal N, EXCEPT for which of the following that is innervated by the External Laryngeal N. off Superior Laryngeal N. ?

A. Thyro-artynoid M.

B. Lateral Crico-arytenoid M.

C. Vocalis M.

D. Cricothyroid M.

A

Cricothyroid M.

47
Q

Which of the following Laryngeal muscles ABDucts the vocal fold, and without it we could not take in air?

A. Cricothyroid M.

B. Thyro-artynoid M.

C. Transverse and Oblique Arytenoids

D. Posterior Crico-arytenoid M

E. Vocalis M.

A

Posterior Crico-arytenoid M

48
Q

Which of the following Laryngeal muscles relaxes the vocal ligament?

A. Cricothyroid M.

B. Thyro-artynoid M.

C. Transverse and Oblique Arytenoids

D. Posterior Crico-arytenoid M

E. Vocalis M.

A

Thyro-artynoid M.

49
Q

Which of the following Laryngeal muscles relaxes posterior vocal ligament while maintaing tension of the anterior portion?

A. Cricothyroid M.

B. Thyro-artynoid M.

C. Transverse and Oblique Arytenoids

D. Posterior Crico-arytenoid M

E. Vocalis M.

A

Vocalis M.

50
Q

The superior and laryngeal As. supply the larynx. What structure delineates what they supply above and below?

A. Vocal Ligament

B. Vocal Fold

C. Vestibular Fold

D. Vestibular Ligament

A

Vocal Fold

51
Q

The superior laryngeal A. runs with which of the following nerves?

A. Internal Branch of Superior Laryngeal N.

B. EXternal Branch of Superior Laryngeal N.

C. Inferior Laryngeal N.

D. Vagus N.

A

Internal Branch of Superior Laryngeal N.

52
Q

Which of the following LN drains the posterior neck and scalp?

A. Occipital LN

B. Mastoid LN

C. Preauricular and Parotid LN

D. Submandibular LN

E. Submental LN

A

Occipital LN

53
Q

Which of the following LN drains posterolateral half of the skull?

A. Occipital LN

B. Mastoid LN

C. Preauricular and Parotid LN

D. Submandibular LN

E. Submental LN

A

Mastoid LN

54
Q

Which of the following LN drains anterior auricle, anterolateral scalp, upper half of face?

A. Occipital LN

B. Mastoid LN

C. Preauricular and Parotid LN

D. Submandibular LN

E. Submental LN

A

Preauricular and Parotid LN

55
Q

The Submandibular LN supplies which of the following structures? What LN do the other options relate too?

A. Lower incisors

B. Tip of tongue

C. Floor of mouth

D. Lateral lower lip

A

Lateral lower lip

The Submental LN does the central lip, as well as the other stuff included below

SUBMANDIBULAR

  • gingiva
  • upper teeth
  • tongue
  • upper lip
  • follows facial a
56
Q

Which of the superficial LNs. drains to the Deep cervical LN? (3)

A

Pre-auricular/parotid

Submandibular

Submental

57
Q

Eventually all cervical Lymph Nodes drain to the ___________

A. Jugulodigastric LN

B. Jugulo-omohyoid LN

C. Deep Cervical LN

D. Superficial Cervical LN

A

Deep Cervical LN

58
Q

Deep Cervical LN is a collection of LN along the internal jugular V. It is divided into inferior and superior deep LN that are specfically named. Jugulodigastric and Juguloomohyoid. Which structure is the Jugulodigastric LN nearest to?

A. Anterior belly of digastric M.

B. Posterior belly of digastric M.

C. Tendon of Omohyoid M.

D. Inferior belly of omohyoid

A

Posterior belly of digastric M.

Neuro-Endo Exam 1 (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions