treatment of psychological disorders Flashcards
eclectic approach
a type of psychotherapy tailored to fit the exact needs of the individual seeking treatment
insight therapies
type of therapy that helps clients understand how events in their past are negatively influencing their current thoughts, emotions, and behaviors
family therapy
designed to help with issues that specifically affect families mental health and functioning
free association
the practice of allowing the patient to discuss thoughts, dreams, memories, or words regardless of coherency
resistance
the opposition of the therapy process in which a client refuses or rejects suggestions made by a psychologist
interpretation
efforts by the therapist to connect conscious feelings, thoughts, and behaviors to the unconscious materials that gave rise to them
latent content of dreams
the hidden or disguises meanings, wishes, and ideas beneath the dream
transference
when someone redirects their feelings about one person onto someone else
psychodynamic therapy
explores the connection between a patient’s past experiences, often from childhood, an their current mindset
client centered therapy
requires the client to actively take charge during each therapy session, while the therapist acts mainly as a guide or a source of support for the client / the process of embracing thoughts, emotions, and other internal experiences without judgment and without trying to change them
unconditional positive regard
showing complete support and acceptance of a person no matter what that person says or does
genuineness
the quality of truly being what something is said to be, authenticity
empathy
enabling individuals to understand and feel the emotional states of others, resulting in compassionate behavior
active listening
fully attuning to the feelings and views of the speaker, demonstrating unbiased acceptance and validation of their experience
counter conditioning
having someone experience a positive association with a previously negatively associated stimulus
exposure conditioning
psychologists create a safe environment in which to expose individuals to the things they fear or avoid
systematic desensitization
in which counter conditioning is used to reduce anxiety associated with a particular stimulus
virtual reality exposure therapy
clients are active participants in a three dimensional computer generated interactive environment that allows them a sense of actual involvement in scenarios related to their presenting problems
aversive conditioning
a type of classical conditioning in which an unwanted behavior is targeted by pairing it with a negative stimulus in an attempt to reduce the unwanted behavior
behavior modification
a psychotherapeutic intervention primarily used to eliminate or reduce maladaptive behavior in children or adults
token economies
a system of operant conditioning used for behavior therapy that involves rewarding desirable behaviors with tokens which can be exchanged for items or privileges and punishing undesirable behaviors by taking away tokens
stress inoculation training
involves teaching coping skills to manage stress and anxiety / a form of cognitive behavioral therapy for PTSD
attributional style
a cognitive personality variable that reflects the specific way people explain the causes of positive or negative events in their lives
cognitive behavior therapy
a structured, goal oriented type of talk therapy
Ellis’ rational emotive behavior therapy
type of CBT that sims to help a person challenge unhelpful thoughts to avoid negative emotions or behaviors
regression toward the mean
the phenomenon where if one sample of a random variable is extreme, the next sampling of the same random variable is likely to be closer to its mean
evidence based practice
the integration of the best available research with clinical expertise in the context of patient characteristics, culture, and preferences
counselors
focus on normative developmental and mental health issues and challenges faces by individuals across their lifespan
clinical psychologists
provide clinical counseling services assess and treat mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders
psychiatrists
a medical doctor who specializes in mental health, including substance use disorders
antipsychotics drugs
a type of psychiatric medication which are available on prescription to treat symptoms of psychosis (hallucinations, delusions, dementia)
atypical antipsychotics
a class of antipsychotic drugs used in the treatment of schizophrenia, delusional disorders, and other disorder characterized by psychotic symptoms
tardive dyskinesia
a condition where your face, body or both make sudden, irregular movements which you cannot control
anti anxiety drugs
a drug used to treat symptoms of anxiety, such as feeling of fear, dread, uneasiness, and muscle tightness, that may occur as a reaction to stress
antidepressant drugs
psychiatric drugs which are listed to treat depression
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
antidepressants that increase levels of serotonin in the brain
mood stabilizing drugs
medications used in the treatment of bipolar disorder, where a person’s mood changes from a depressed feeling to a high “manic” feeling or vice versa
brain stimulation
a treatment that involves sending an electric current through your brain. This causes a brief surge of electrical activity within your brain. The aim is to relieve severe symptoms of some mental health problems (done while patient is under anesthesia)
repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation
an electromagnetic coil placed against the scalp created a magnetic field that stimulates certain areas of the brain (used for depression)
lobotomy
produce in which nerve pathways in a lobe or lobes of the brain are severed from those in other areas
