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AP Psych > states of consciousness > Flashcards

states of consciousness Flashcards

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1
Q

consciousness

A

the individual awareness of your unique thoughts, memories, feelings, sensations, and environments

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1
Q

non conscious level

A

any mental process that goes on in which the individual is unaware (driving to school and not thinking about it)

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2
Q

preconscious level

A

latent parts of the brain that are readily available to the conscious mind, although not currently in use

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3
Q

someone may forget to buy apples during a grocery trip until they see a sign for half off apples

A

preconscious level

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4
Q

subconscious level

A

part of our consciousness that we are unaware of, information that we are not actively aware of in the moment / reactions and actions we realized when we think of it

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5
Q

unconscious level

A

consists of deeper mental processes not readily available to the conscious mind

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6
Q

cognitive neuroscience

A

the scientific field that is concerned with the study of the biological processes and aspects that underlie cognition

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7
Q

dual processing

A

when making decisions we use two different systems of thinking, our gut instincts and deliberate logical thinking

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8
Q

selective attention

A

focusing on something in particular while simultaneously ignoring distractions

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9
Q

cocktail party effect

A

the ability to focus one’s attention on a particular stimuli while filtering out a range of other stimuli

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10
Q

inattentional blindness

A

the failure to notice a fully visible but unexpected object because attention was engaged on another task

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11
Q

change blindness

A

a perceptual phenomenon that occurs when a change in a visual stimulus is introduced and the overseer doesn’t notice it

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12
Q

observers often fail to notice major differences introduced into an image while it flickers on and off again

A

change blindness

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13
Q

choice blindness

A

the failure to recall a choice immediately after we have made that choice

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14
Q

if you go to an ice cream store, order a chocolate cone, and then accept a strawberry cone without noticing

A

choice blindness

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15
Q

suprachiasmatic nucleus

A

a small region of the hypothalamus in the brain, it function as a master circadian pacemaker controlling the timing of the sleep-wake cycle

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16
Q

melatonin

A

a hormone that your brain produces in response to darkness, it helps with circadian rhythms (internal clock) and with sleep

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17
Q

REM sleep

A

the phase of sleep in which most dreams occur, during this sleep a person’s brain activity, breathing, heart rate, and blood pressure increases

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18
Q

during this sleeping phase is where vivid dreaming occurs

A

REM sleep

19
Q

alpha waves

A

a medium frequency pattern of brain activity associated with restful and mediative states

20
Q

hypnagogic hallucinations

A

vivid visual, auditory perceptions like sleep paralysis occur during the transitions between wakefulness and REM sleep

21
Q

this occurs during the transitions between wakefulness and REM sleep

A

hypnagogic hallucinations

22
Q

sleep spindles

A

a specific pattern of brainwaves that occurs during sleep

23
Q

delta waves

A

the slowest recorded brainwaves in human beings. We increase delta waves in order to decrease our awareness of the physical world

24
Q

paradoxical sleep

A

involves seemingly contradictory states of an active mind and a sleeping body (irregular and rapid breathing, rapid heart rate, muscular atonia)

25
Q

insomnia

A

a sleep disorder in which you have trouble falling / and or staying asleep

26
Q

narcolepsy

A

a chronic neurological disorder that affects the brain’s activity to control sleep-wake cycles

27
Q

this sleeping disorder make people feel very drowsy during the day, they find it hard to stay awake for long periods of time, and suddenly fall asleep

A

narcolepsy

28
Q

sleep apnea

A

a common disorder that causes your breathing to stop or get very shallow during sleep

29
Q

night terrors

A

a sleep disorder in which a person quickly awakens from sleep in a terrified state

30
Q

somnambulism

A

involves getting up and waling around while in a state of sleep

31
Q

manifest content

A

the dream that the conscious individual remembers experiencing

32
Q

latent content

A

the symbolic meaning of a dream that lies behind the literal content of the dream

33
Q

physiological function theory

A

suggests that dreams are pretty much meaningless and that we dream to preserve neural pathways

34
Q

activation synthesis theory

A

a neurobiological approach to explain why humans have dreams

35
Q

“a dream is the cerebral cortex processing nerve impulses being sent from the body to the brainstem into something that makes sense”

A

activation synthesis theory

36
Q

REM rebound

A

a phenomenon in which a person temporarily receives more REM sleep than they normally would

37
Q

lucid dreaming

A

the experience of achieving conscious awareness of dreaming while still asleep

38
Q

hypnotic suggestibility

A

the degree to which a participant responds to hypnotic suggestions

39
Q

every day you walk 30 minutes and after you feel energized and proud of yourself

A

hypnotic suggestibility

40
Q

posthypnotic suggestion

A

a suggestion made to a person during hypnosis that they act out after the hypnotic trance

41
Q

posthypnotic amnesia

A

subject’s difficulty in remembering after hypnosis, the events and experiences that happened while they were hypnotized

42
Q

hypnotic analgesia

A

reduced sensitivity to pain under hypnotic suggestion

43
Q

social influence / role theory

A

how people are more likely to do whatever they see as being the norm

44
Q

“people have a tendency to change their behavior according to those around them, and those nearby have a stronger effect”

A

social influence / role theory

45
Q

divided consciousness theory

A

a psychological state in which one’s consciousness is split into distinct components, possibly during hypnosis

46
Q

state theory

A

through the actions of the hypnotist the inducing of a “trance” the unconscious mind responds to suggestion

AP Psych (6 decks)

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