treatment of diabetes Flashcards
what are lifestyle modifications in diabetes tx?
1st line
what are oral + s/c anti diabetic agents?
what are biguanides?
example, MOA, effects
oral therapy
exact MOA unknown
primary effect - decrease hepatic glucose production
secondary effects - inhibits gluconeogenesis
lowers serum fatty acids - decreases substrate for gluconeogenesis, decreases triglycerides, small decrease LDL, small increase HDL
other effects - reduced glucose absorption from GI tract, direct stimulation of glycolysis in tissues leading to increased glucose uptake, redcued glucagon levels
what does metformin for to insulin?
when is metformin used?
s/e metformin
GI upset - nausea, abdo pain, metallic taste in mouth
LACTIC ACIDOSIS
how does lactic acidosis occur with metformin use?how do you avoid it?
what are sulfonylureas?
examples of sulfonylureas?
s/e of sufonylurea
weight gain - more insulin release causes weight gain
what are meglinitides?
examples, MOA, when given
what are TZDs?
examples, MOA, when given
oral therapy, decreases insulin resistance
MOA of TZDs?
s/e TZDs?
oedema - 5%, due to PPAR - gamma effects in nerphon increasing NA retention. risk of pulmonary oedema + not used in advanced HF
what are glucosidase inhibitors?
examples, MOA, when given
what are glucosidase inhibitors?
when given, s/e
what are amylin analogs?
examples, MOA, when given
what are amylin analogs?
when given, s/e
what are incretins?
what are GLP1 analogs?
what are DPP4 inhibitors?
examples, MOA, when given, s/e
what are SGLT2 inhibitors?
examples, MOA
what are SGLT2 inhibitors?
when given, s/e
