Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

eppp > Treatment/ Interventions > Flashcards

Treatment/ Interventions Flashcards

1
Q

Counterconditioning

A

reciprocal inhibition (2 responses can not be experienced at the same time, the stronger response will snuff the weaker.
Weaken problematic response and replace with incomparable response.
Systematic desensitization, sensate focus, assertiveness training, aversive counterconditioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Behaviorists believe

A

beh. controlled by external factors
psychopathology = problematic learned behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Systemic desensitization

A

developed by Wolpe, treats phobias. Anxiety hierarchy.
Not as efficacious as flooding for specific phobias

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Sensate focus

A

Master and Johnson:
use pleasure as counterconditioning to reduce performance anxiety. Body massages, 4 stages of sexual response (excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Assertiveness training

A

assertive response antagonistic to anxiety.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Aversive counterconditioning

A

eliminating “deviant” behaviors, pair with new and stronger stimulus
in vivo (antabuse/disulfiram) vs. in imagination (covert sensitization)
not effective in long term

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Classical extinction

A

in vivo (exposure with response prevention, prolonged>brief) or imagination (Stampfl’s implosive therapy)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

primary vs secondary vs generalized conditioned reinforcers

A

primary - inherently reinforcing across cultures
secondary - reinforcing through training
generalized conditioned - reinforcing because of access to other reinforcers (e.g., money)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

shaping

A

reinforced for every step

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

token economies

A

tokens consistently and systematically. Used with schizophrenia patients in wards.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

contingency contracting

A

2 people contracting to give desired behaviors. Good for problematic interactions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

premack principle

A

reinforcer relativity: using high freq behavior to reinforce low-freq behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Differential Reinforcement of other/incompatible/alternative behaviors (DRO/DRI/DRA)

A

extinction for some beh and reinforcement for some beh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

self-reinforcement

A

administering reinforcement to self

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

stimulus control

A

self-control procedure for limiting range of stimulus to elicit particular beh (e.g., only eat at certain time, certain table) and developing incompatible responses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

escape learning

A

stop punishment with desired behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

avoidance learning

A

avoid punishment with desired behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

overcorrection

A

punishment that involves reparation and physical guidance (e.g., baby makes mess in one room, have to clean that room and another room)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

symbolic/filmed modeling

A

similar model on film enjoys progressively intimate interaction with fear/anxiety provoking stimulus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

live/in vivo modeling

A

real life demo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

participant modeling

A

good for children with phobias. modeling plus interaction with model

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Ellis REBT

A

1st DBT approach (ABC-DEF)
Activating event
Belief
Consequence
(Disputing intervention, Effective philosophy, new Feelings)
Direct instruction, persuasion, logical disputation
Active, controntative
Modeling, homework, relaxation, rehearsal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Beck’s CT

A

empirical hypothesis testing for belief validity
socratic questioning
more collaborative than REBT
automatic thoughts
Triad
daily logs, activity scheduling, gradual tasks for mastery, cognition checking

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

meichenbaum CBM (cog beh modification)

A

self-instructional training (modeling and practice, good for children with ADHD)
stress inoculation training (PTSD)
self-statements, socratic questioning, collaboration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Meinchenbaum self-instructional training
Therapist modeling Therapist verbalization (client performs, therapist talks) Patient verbalization (client performs and talks) Patient silently talks through task (client performs and mouths) independent task approach Similar to protocol analysis for problem-solving strategy access Good for kids with ADHD
25
stress inoculation training
Education and cog preparation coping skills acquisition Application in imagination/vivo (relapse prevention included) research validated for PTSD build up coping to mild stress to decreases susceptibility for big stress
26
REHM self control model of depression
self-reinforce pos behaviors, because depression is result of low self-reinforcement and high self-punishment
27
Marlatt relapse prevention
addiction=overlearned habit each relapse is a learning opportunity, inevitable identify triggers and new coping for them
28
Linehan DBT
recite what you know
29
Freud primary/secondary process
primary - dreams, hallucinations, reduce tension secondary - thinking, speaking, focused on meeting reality demands and delaying gratification
30
freudian anxiety
id too strong for ego, creeping into consciousness, ego defensive mechanisms to keep id away from consciousness
31
displacement
transfer emotions from object to symbolic replacement, can result in phobias
32
Millon defense mechanisms rely on
schizoid - intellectualizing narcissistic - rationalization paranoid - projection borderline - regression histrionic - dissociation dependent - introjection antisocial - acting out
33
alloplastic
trying to change/blame othetd pt ba iir
34
autoplastic
trying to change self
35
4 stages of psychodamin
clarification, confrontation, interpretation, working through
36
hartmann
father of ego psychology
37
Therapy outcomes
Eysenck, spontaneous remission effect size 0.85, treated ppl better than 80% of untreated people 50% better by 8th session 75% by 6 months same for all types of treatment maintained regardless of length
38
efficacy research
evidence-based practice depends on it tight experimental control for max internal validity considered effective even when it helps only 70% of participants only simple conditions criticized for not reflecting real-life needs
39
effectiveness research
therapy in practice: takes longer, cumbersome, rare 90% of therapy participants doing well, longer treatment = better outcomes medication + therapy = therapy alone
40
client variables
largest contribution to therapeutic outcome ability to relate, amenable to learning, anxiety/depression improve most, somatic least likability and attractiveness = better outcome
41
therapist variables
therapist attractiveness, trustworthiness, expertness
42
therapeutic relationship
effective - alliance, empathy, cohesion in group, collecting feedback probably effective - goal consensus, collaboration, positive regard maybe effective - congruence, repairing ruptures, managing countertransference
43
lowest rates of disorders
65+ have lowest rates, mostly dementia 25-44 have highest rates of disturbance
44
child physical abuse
mostly by women, 90% of abusers also abused. no psych problems for abusers but substance abuse common
45
child sexual abuse
50% by family member peaks at age 9 and 12, 25% below age 8
46
rape
mostly within race, premediated
47
crisis theory
homeostatic equilibrium 4 stages (Caplan): - emotional tension and disorganization, use existing coping - coping failed and further disorganization - increased tension, mobilize more resources - extensive disorganization and breakdown if not resolved Rapid treatment, ends when crisis resolved and client understands steps leading to development and resolution
48
crisis intervention vs short term therapy
crisis intervention goal = restoring to precrisis levels short-term therapy=attain higher functioning
49
case vs administrative consultation advocacy consultation
about clients vs. admin/program change vs. advocate for social change
50
prevention
primary - prevent onset secondary - early identification and quick intervention tertiary - reducing neg consequences and residual effects
51
group therapy
yalom's 12 factors insight, instilling hope, universiality, imparting info, altruism, collective recapitulation of family, developing social skills, behavior imitation, interpersonal learning,GROUP COHESIVENESS, catharsis, existential factors (not leadership style or confrontation) 3 stages: initial, second (conflict and rebellion), third (closeness, freely talking) Disagreement between group leaders ok ideally, heterogenous for conflict, homogenous for ego strength
52
marital therapy
1. behavior analysis of couple 2. positive reciprocity established 3. build communication skills 4. build problem-solving skills
53
Stuart's social exchange theory
behaviors maintained by costs/benefits ratio "Caring days"
54
behavioral family therapy
troubled families = maladaptive behavior reinforced with attention, communication deficit, insufficient rewards
55
cognitive-behavioral family therapy
relationship-related cognitions underlie feelings. appraise cognitions, promote positive ones
56
Narrative therapy
Symptoms oppress, do not serve functions. Not a systems approach. symptoms come from clients building problem-saturated descriptions for stories, with sense of powerlessness. Restory as struggle for control with a symptom Externalize symptom, question to draw out unique outcomes, new questions to strengthen successes and new identity
57
Solution-focused therapy
expectations are powerful. small change grows into big change. miracle q, exception q, scaling q
58
Milan group systemic family therapy
systems theory, cybernetics, strategic theory circular questioning prescribing rituals
59
Haley's strategic family therapy
pathology=malfunctioning hierarchy
60
MRI communication systems therapy
impact of communication on family functioning double-binds - 1. they dont do something they're punished 2. nonverbal injunction if they don't do something that conflicts with 1, they're punished 3. can't escape field teaching problematic communication patterns paradoxical interventions
61
Minuchin structural family therapy
family=single, interrelated system, assessed by 1. power hierarchy 2. clarity/firmness of boundaries 3. subsystems healthy = strong parent coalition on power top, boundaries clear and firm, rigid boundaries = disengaged/emotionally distant diffuse boundaries = enmeshed 3 chronic boundary problems: triangulation, detouring, stable coalitions Reorganize structure to remove dysfunctional elements therapist "joins" family, adopt its style of interaction, shift position Chronic boundary issues: triangulation, stable coalition, detouring
62
Object relations family therapy
transference and projection among family members helping be aware of what's projected and address unwanted elements within each person Framo - family of origin sessions
63
Lidz's deviant marital relationships
marital skew - not threatened by separation but skewed toward meeting needs of one partner marital schism - chronic discord, threats of separation failure to develop mutually rewarding parental coalition, using family sculpting
64
General systems theory
systems = interaction of parts, seeks homeostasis
65
Cybernetics
feedback loops
66
Big 5 model/5-factor theory of personality
Openness to experiences Conscientiousness Extraversion Agreeableness Neurotism
67
Proschka's transtheoretical model of change
After 6 months of action, maintenance
68
Feminist therapy
independence/autonomy, do not bond, therapist as role-model, advocate for sociopolitical change
69
Biofeedback
operant conditioning with autonomic nervous system functions to alleviate symptoms. Feedback about status of involuntary functions, taught to regulate, decreased sympathetic arousal. Used with relaxation training Commonly thermal, EMG, EEG, GSR Mixed bag results: EMG and thermal good, EMG a little better
70
Thermal biofeedback
measures skin temp, used for migraines and Reynaud's disease Goal for client to increase peripheral temp Often combined with autogenic training (warmth and heaviness)
71
EMG feedback
measures muscle tension (forehead, jaw, neck) used for tension headaches, TMJ, backpain, neuromuscular rehab Goal to reduce tension or build tension in parallel muscle groups Paired with progressive or passive muscle relaxation
72
EEG feedback
brain activity, used for seizure disorders or hyperactivity
73
GSR feedback
aka electrodermal response measures sweat and skin conductivity used for GAD, combined with relaxation training Goal to decrease GSR levels
74
Hypnotherapy
Subjective experiential change, altered consciousness, dissociated state responding to suggestions by experiencing altered mood/memory/perceptions Used for chronic pain, asthma, conversion symptoms, substance use Not good for people with paranoia or OCD Helps memory, but false memories more than real
75
Bern's transactional analysis
anti-deterministic, aware of communciation intent, eliminate deceit Ego states - parent, adult, child are parts of personality Transactions - interactions between ego states for two people Games - orderly series of covert transactions, bad feelings for both Strokes - recognitions given, pos or neg Life script - patterns that dictate life Structural analysis
76
Glasser's reality therapy
Responsibiltiies clarify values, evaluate current behavior, accept responsibility Choice theory - we make an inner world that meets our needs used for juvenile delinquents, dropout rates
77
Perls' Gestaldt therapy
Discover aspects of self blocked from awareness Introjection - process for taking in info Projection - project feelings onto others Retroflection - turn back onto self what they want from others Deflection - distance self from feelings by asking questions, etc Confluence - lack of awareness between self and others to avoid conflict empty chair technique, discourage questions, bring to here-and-now
78
Rogerian therapy
faulty learning get people antagonistic/hateful phenomenal self clarifying feelings
79
Adlerian therapy
social rather than sexual urges neurosis = maladaptive adaptations of unproductive attitudes/beh STEP parenting program Teleological view - beh. determined by future, not past
80
Jungian therapy
neurosis=struggle to free self from interference of archetypes individuation teological focus on adult development
81
Sullivan's three stages
interpersonal interactions prototaxic -0-7 months, pparataxic - sequention relationsihps,8-11 months syntaxic - 12-2 years IPT - 16 sessions, one of four interpersonal problems (role dispute, grief, role transition, interpersonal deficits)
82
Horney
neurosis = cultural construct, anxiety from childhood helplessness against indifferent adults moving compliantly toward others, aggressively toward others, detachedly toward others
83
Fromm
Sociocultura/economic having vs. being mind
84
Hartman
father of ego psychology ego=parallel to id ego autonomous vs. defensive ego functions conflict-free sphere efo functions - learning, memory
85
Self psychologists - Kohut
development of narcissism primary/health narcissism in pre-oedipal stage focus on meeting selfobject needs - mirroring, idealizing, twinship empathic attunement between therapist/client
86
Mahler
6 stages of development separation and individuation
87
Winnicott
good enough mother transitional objects (e.g., blankie) pathology=adopting false self
88
Klein
splitting as defence mechanism for hostile feelings toward beloved object Prevents object constancy play = free association, psychoanalysis with children no bonding with clients
89
Erickson
development=response to social crises 8 stages of ego development `
90
Anna Freud
psychoanalysis with children using words bond with clients inferiority complex

eppp (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions