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dsm5` Flashcards

1
Q

caffeine withdrawal

A

headache, fatigue, decreased energy/activeness, decreased alertness, drowsiness, decreased contentedness, depressed mood, difficulty concentrating, irritability, and feeling foggy/not clearheaded

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2
Q

cannabis withdrawal

A

anxiety, irritability, anger or aggression, disturbed sleep/dreaming, depressed mood and loss of appetite.

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3
Q

impact of genetics on ID

A

5%

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4
Q

ID base rate

A

1%, 85% mild
1.5:1 male to female

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5
Q

language disorder after age of __ likely to persist in adulthood

A

4

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6
Q

child onset fluency disorder/stuttering

A

onset age 2-7

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7
Q

Base rate ASD

A

1%

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8
Q

Rett syndrome

A

mostly girls
5-48 months onset
de-accelerated head growth, stereotyped hand movements, loss of social engagement
social communication skills improve after a while

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9
Q

medications for ADHD

A

ritalin/concerta/methylphenidate, adderall/amphetamine, dexidrine/dextroamphetamine, strattera/atomoxetine

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10
Q

ADHD base rate

A

5% kids, 2.5% adults

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11
Q

DCD

A

deficits in activities requiring motor coord

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12
Q

Tourette’s

A

1+ vocal and multiple motor tics, 1 year

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13
Q

Persistent tic disorder

A

motor OR vocal tics, not both, 1 year

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14
Q

provisional tic disorder

A

tics <1 year

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15
Q

Tic medications

A

catapres/clonodine, haldol/haloperidol, SSRIs

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16
Q

Tourette’s base rate

A

0.5%, 2-4:1 males to females

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17
Q

Delusions

A

fixed, false beliefs, unchangeable

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18
Q

disorganized thinking

A

derailment, tangentiality

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19
Q

grossly disorganized behaviors

A

catatonia, agitation

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20
Q

neg symptoms of schizophrenia

A

diminished emotional expression, avolition, alogia (decreased speech output), anhedonia, asociality

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21
Q

catatonia

A

stupor, catalepsy, waxy flexibility, mutism, negativism, stereotyping, agitation, grimacing, echolalia, echopraxia

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22
Q

delusional disorder

A

1+ delusions for 1+ month, no other schizophrenia symptoms

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23
Q

types of delusions

A

erotomanic, grandiose, jealous, persecutory (most common), somatic, mixed, unspecified

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24
Q

brief psychotic disorder

A

1 day to 1 month
one of: delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech/beh, catatonic beh

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25
Q

schizophreniform disorder

A

schizophrenia but 1 month - 6 months

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26
Q

schizophrenia

A
  1. 2+ for significant portion of 1 month - at least one (delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech), grossly disorganized or catatonic beh, neg symptoms (avolition, diminished emotional expression, alogia, anhedonia, asociality)
  2. functioning below previous functioning
  3. continuous disturbance 6 months, active symptoms for 1 month
    onset adolescence-30s
    0.3-0.7% lifetime rate male female 1:1
    novel and traditional antipsychotics
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27
Q

schizoaffetive disorder

A

major mood episode and symptoms of shizophrenia, delusions or hallucinations for at least 2 weeks without mood symptoms
bipolar or depressive type

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28
Q

substance induced psychotic disorder

A

alcohol, inhalants, etc.

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29
Q

Catatonic disorder due to another medical condition

A

neurological, metabolic

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30
Q

psychotic disorder due to another medical condition

A

neurological, endocrine, metabolic

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31
Q

Other specified/unspecified schizophrenia spectrum disorder

A

attenuated psychosis, auditory hallucinations and nothing else

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32
Q

Manic episode

A

abnormally elevated mood or irritable, goal-directed energy, lasts at least 1 week all day every day. 3+ of inflated self-esteem, decreased need for sleep, pressured speech, racing thoughts, distractibility, psychomotor agitation. Functional impairment or hospitalization (no minimum duration), or causes psychotic symptoms

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33
Q

hypomanic episode

A

at least 4 days, same symptoms as mania. Not severe enough for impairment or hospitalization or psychosis

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34
Q

depressive episode

A

5+ symptoms over 2 weeks
Depressed mood, loss of pleasure, and (weight gain, appetite change, sleep change, psychomotor agitation or retardation, fatigue, worthlessness or guilt, poor concentration, suicidal ideation)

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35
Q

Bipolar I

A

at least one manic episode
base rate 1%

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36
Q

Base rate for bipolar

A

1%, 1:1 for gender, more common in high income countries, highest rates of suicide and concordance (80% for identiical twins, 20-25% for siblings)
mean age of onset 18
90% of people who had an episode go on to have another one

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37
Q

suicide for bipolar

A

x15 regular person
might be 25% of all suicides

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38
Q

Bipolar II

A

1 hypomanic and 1 major depressive episode, NEVER been manic

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39
Q

cyclothymic disorder

A

symptoms of hypomania/depression over 2 years, periods of hypomania/depression persist more than half the time, and not without symptoms for more than 2 months at a time. episode criteria never met, functional impairment indicated

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40
Q

substance induced bipolar and related disorder

A

PCP, stimulants, steroids

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41
Q

bipolar and related due to medical condition

A

MS, cushing’s, TBI, stroke, hyperthyroidism

42
Q

Disruptive Mood regulation disorder

A

3-4 temper outburst per week for 1+ years, in 2 settings, persistently angry/irritable between bursts. onset before age 10, but not before 6 or after 18. no more than a day of manic symptoms

43
Q

Major Depressive Disorder

A

presence of MDE - 5+ symptoms over 2 weeks, at least one of (depressed mood, loss of pleasure) + (weight change, sleep change, appetite change, psychomotor agitation/retardation, fatigue, worthlessness/guilt, poor concentration, suicidal ideation/death thoughts)
Recovery within 3 months of onsent 40% of time, within 1 year for 80% of individuals
1:1.5-3 male to female

44
Q

Grief vs MDE

A

Prevalent in grief - loss, emptiness, dysphoria in waves
MDE - inability to experience pleasure, persistent depresed mood, self-loathing/inadequacy/suicide

45
Q

MDD with peripartum onset

A

10-15% of mothers, severe anxiety, insomnia, lack of interest in baby

46
Q

Postpartum blues

A

50-80% of mothers, few weeks. Not dsm

47
Q

postpartum psychosis

A

0.2%, brief psychotic disorder with postpartum onset

48
Q

concordance rates for MDD

A

55-60% for twins, 20% for siblings

49
Q

treatment for MDD

A

behavior activation just as effective as meds, more effective than cog therapy in severe

50
Q

suicide rates

A

women attempt 3 times more,
men succeed 4 times more
90% have mental health disorder
highest 45-64
lowest 15-24
highest white and First Nations

51
Q

Persistent Depressive Disorder

A

Depressed mood most of the day for 2+ years, (1+ for kids), at least 2 symptoms, not without symptoms for more than 2 months,

52
Q

premenstrual dysphoric disorder

A

5+ symptoms week before menses, minimal or absent post-menses, present over most cycles over past year

53
Q

substance-induced Depressive disorder

A

alcohol, hallucinogens, PCP, inhalants, opiods, sedatives, hypnotics and anxiolytics, stimulants

54
Q

Panic attack

A

peak in 10 min, expected or unexpected, 4+ physical/cog symptoms (nausea, chest pain, shortness of breath, palpitations, dizzy, fear of dying, fear of loss of control)
limited symptom attacks if <4

55
Q

separation anxiety

A

developmentally inappropriate anxiety about being away from home/someone, 3+ (distress, worry about harm to attachment figure, worry about getting lost/kidnapped, reluctance of going out/being alone) 4+ weeks

56
Q

selective mutism

A

consistent failure to speak in specific situations, 1 month duration.

Onset usually before age 5

57
Q

specific phobias

A

out of proportion to actual danger, 6+ months, common to have multiple.
Invivo exposure usually best resuluts

58
Q

social anxiety disorder

A

fear of situations with potential scrutiny of others, 6+ months

59
Q

panic disorder

A

recurrent panic attacks, at least 1 followed by 1+ month of persistent concern about another attack or change in beh
20-30% for twins, 0-10% for siblings

60
Q

Agoraphobia

A

anxiety about 2+ situations: using public transport, being in open/enclosed spaces, standing in line/being in crowd, being ouside home. Thoughts of not being able to get help or escape being difficult. 6+ months

61
Q

GAD

A

excessive worries 6+ months, 3+ of (restlessness, fatigue, difficulty concentrating, irritability, muscle tension, sleep disturbance), only 1 for children

62
Q

median age of onset for GAD

A
  1. chronic usually, fluctuates
63
Q

OCD

A

obsessions (recurrent intrusive thoughts/urges) or compulsions (repetitive behaviors to deal with obsessions), time-consuming and functional impairment

64
Q

body dysmorphic disorder

A

preoccupied with perceived flaw, excessively engage in behaviors to manage

65
Q

hoarding

A

can’t get rid of things regardless of value

66
Q

Reactive attachment disorder

A

inhibited, withdrawn behavior toward caregiver, rarely seeks commfort, present before age 5, after 9 months of developmental age

67
Q

disinhibited social engagement disorder

A

lack of hesitation in going with strangers

68
Q

PTSD

A

intrusive symptoms, avoidance of stimulus associated with trauma, neg changes in mood/cognition, increased arousal, 1+ month
50% recover in 3 months

69
Q

treatment for PTSD

A

PE, EMDR, CPT, seeking safety

70
Q

acute stress disorder

A

9 symptoms from any 5 PTSD symptom categories upto 1 month

71
Q

Adjustment disorder

A

symptoms in resposne to stressor, within 3 months of stressor presence and remits within 6 months of stressor termination

72
Q

DID

A

2+ identities, discontinuation in sense of self, inability to recall everday events, traumas

73
Q

Drugs for MDD

A

SSRI (
SNRIs
Bupoprion
Mertazopine

74
Q

Bipolar meds

A

Mood stabilizers
Atypical Antipsychotics (abilify, codiapinr)
Anti convilsants

75
Q

Panic disorder meds

A

SSRI

76
Q

Meds for ocd

A

Fluvoxamine (SSRI)
Clamipromine (trycyclic)
Isotalopram

77
Q

dissociative amnesia

A

inability to remember important info beyond forgetfulness

78
Q

depersonalization/derealization

A

persistent/recurrent depersonalization episodes, reality testing intact

79
Q

somatic symptom disorder

A

1+ distressing symptoms, or disrupts dsaily life, persistent thoughts/anxiety about symptoms, excessive time/energy spent on symptoms, worries persist 6+ months

80
Q

illness anxiety

A

preoccupation with getting seriously ill, 6+ months

81
Q

conversion disorder

A

1+ symptoms affecting voluntary motor or sensory function
2-3 times more common in women

82
Q

psychological factors affecting medical conditions

A

medical condition present, and psych factors adversely impact by exacerbating, or delay recovery, adherence, create additional health risks

83
Q

factitious disorder (Munchausen most severe)

A

intentional feigning symptoms or creating injuries, absence of external incentives for injury

84
Q

pseudocyesis

A

false belief of being pregnant with physical symptoms of pregnancy

85
Q

pica

A

eating non-food 1+ month

86
Q

rumination disorder

A

regurgitating food 1+ month

87
Q

avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder

A

failure to eat adequately resulting in failure to gain weight/weight loss, nutritioual deficiency, reliance on feeding tube/supplements, psychosocial functioning interference, “failure to thrive”,

88
Q

anorexia nervosa

A

fear of weight gain, restricting type/binging-purging type.

89
Q

bulimia nervosa

A

binge purge once per week for 3+ months

90
Q

enuresis

A

bed wetting twice a week for 3+ months, age 5 and up, 99% remit by adulthood

91
Q

urine alarm

A

treatment for enuresis, classical conditioning

92
Q

encopresis

A

pooping in inappropriate places, intentional OR voluntary

93
Q

insomnia disorder

A

3+ nights each week
3+ months

94
Q

hypersomnolescence disorder

A

excessive sleepiness

95
Q

narcolepsy

A

recurrent periods of irresistible need to sleep + hypocretin deficiency, cataploxy, REM <15 min
hypnogogic hallucinations at onset of sleep
hypnopompic hallucinations at waking
sleep paralysis during

96
Q

non-rapid EM sleep arousal

A

sleep walking type vs sleep terror type
total amnesia

97
Q

nightmare disorder

A

repeateed nightmares, usually during REM sleep

98
Q

REM sleep behavior disorder

A

vocalizing or moving during sleep

99
Q

restless leg syndrome

A

urge to move legs, 3+ times per week over 3+ months

100
Q
A

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