Treatment for Aphasia Flashcards
1
Q
general purpose of treatment
A
- aphasia treatment is individualized
- addressed the specific areas of need identified during assessment
- specific goals identified by the person with aphasia and his or her family
2
Q
WHO ICF framework definition of purpose
A
“goal of intervention is to help the individual achieve the highest level of independent function for participation in daily living”
3
Q
specific intervention purpose
A
- utilize strengths and address weakness
- implement compensatory strategies to the patient and their partners
- incorporate AAC strategies when appropriate
- modify barriers
- create accommodations (larger print, pictures, aphasia friendly formatting)
4
Q
person and family centered care
A
- collaborate approach between individuals, families, and clinicians
- all parties are equally important
- individual and family preferences are priority (chosen family, doesn’t have to be blood related)
5
Q
person and family centered care: range of services
A
- counseling
- emotional support
- providing resources
- coordinating services
- teaching specific skills to facilitate communication
6
Q
treatment approaches
A
- restorative
- compensatory
7
Q
treatment approaches: restorative
A
- improving or restoring impaired function
- activities and participation (WHO defined)
8
Q
treatment approaches: compensatory
A
- compensating for deficits that are not able to be retrained
- body functions/structures (WHO defined)
9
Q
community and support integration
A
- community aphasia groups
- life participation approach to aphasia (LPAA)
10
Q
community aphasia groups
A
- “treatment and support for people with aphasia that can improve linguistic functioning in a naturalistic setting”
- family members can also benefit
- socializing, sharing ideas, feelings, learn more information
11
Q
life participation approach to aphasia (LPAA)
A
- “general philosophy and model of consumer-driven service delivery and not a specific clinical approach”
- takes place in the home and community
- focuses on long-term management of aphasia
- life concerns of the individual/family are at the center of the POC
- reengage in life through daily participation in activities of their choice
12
Q
computer-based treatment
A
- utilize computer technology to target various language skills
- some programs generate data to be used for documentation
13
Q
constraint-induced language therapy (CILT)
A
- “intensive treatment approach focused on increasing spoken language output while discouraging (constraining) the use of compensatory communication strategies (gesturing and writing)”
- forced use of verbal language
14
Q
principles and techniques of CILT
A
“were derived from constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT), in which at the same time training movements of the affective limb using intensive treatment”
15
Q
melodic intonation therapy (MIT)
A
- “MIT uses the musical elements of speech (melody, rhythm, and stress) to improve expressive language”
- uses intact functioning (singing) simple words/phrases and increase phrase length
16
Q
steps for MIT
A
- start by intoning (singing) simple words/phrases and increase phrase length
- reliance on intonation is gradually decreased over time
17
Q
multimodal treatment
A
- augmentative and alternative communication (AAC)
- promoting aphasics’ communication effectiveness (PACE)
- visual action therapy (VAT)
18
Q
augmentative and alternative communication (AAC)
A
“a treatment that involves supplementing or replacing natural communication modalities (natural spoken language) with aided or unaided symbols
19
Q
AAC: aided symbols
A
picture communication symbols, line drawings, tangible objects
20
Q
AAC: unaided symbols
A
manual sign, gestures, finger spelling
21
Q
promoting aphasics’ communication effectiveness (PACE)
A
- “a treatment designed to improve conversational skills”
- the individual with aphasia and the clinician take turns as the message sender or receiver
- picture prompts are concealed from listener
- speaker uses their choice of modalities to convey message
22
Q
visual action therapy (VAT)
A
- “VAT is a nonverbal treatment approach that trains individuals to use hand gestures to indicate visually absent items”
- most often used with individuals who have global aphasia
23
Q
VAT: 12 step training hierarchy
A
tracing, matching, producing pantomimed gestures for visible objects, pantomimed for absent objects
24
Q
partner approaches
A
- conversational coaching
- supported communication intervention (SCI)
25
conversational coaching
"a treatment designed to teach verbal and nonverbal communication strategies to individuals with aphasia and their primary communication partners"
26
conversational coaching: strategies
- drawing, gesturing, cueing, confirmation information
- strategies are chosen by the individual and his/her partner
- SLP is the "coach"
27
supported communication intervention (SCI)
an approach to aphasia rehabilitation that emphasizes the need for multimodal communication, partner training, and opportunities for social interaction
28
principles of SCI
- functional communication can be facilitated/improved by teaching strategies to communication partners
- communication is a dynamic process
- communication includes social interaction and the exchange (opportunities for social interaction are emphasized)
29
reading treatments
- multiple oral reading (MOR)
- oral reading for language in aphasia (ORLA)
- supported reading comprehension
30
multiple oral reading (MOR)
- "a treatment technique for individuals with acquired disorders of reading (dyslexia or alexia)"
- the technique involves re-reading text aloud either a specific number of times or until a specific reading rate is reached
- effort to improve whole-word reading in the context of a text passage
31
MOR is best suited for individuals with...
preserved letter-by-letter reading abilities and relatively good oral reading and comprehension at the single-word level
32
oral reading for language in aphasia (ORLA)
- "treatment for individuals with aphasia that involves repeated practice reading sentences aloud with the clinician in an effort to improve reading comprehension via phonological and semantic reading routes"
- the use of connected discourse (sentences) rather than single words allows the individual to practice natural rhythm and intonation
33
supported reading comprehension
- "approaches that focus on improving the reading comprehension of individuals with aphasia by incorporating aphasia-friendly supports"
- drawings, personally relevant photographs, and reader-friendly formatting such as linguistic supports (headings and bolded text)
34
reciprocal scaffolding treatment (RST)
- "RST is a group treatment approach that addresses communication skills using natural language in meaningful social contexts"
- an individual with aphasia, who has a particular skill, is given an opportunity to use premorbid knowledge and vocabulary in reciprocal teaching interactions with a group of novices
35
script training
- "script training is a functional approach to aphasia treatment that uses script knowledge (understanding, remembering, and recalling event sequences of an activity) to facilitate participation in personally relevant activities"
- clinician and person with aphasia develop a scripted monologue or dialogue of an activity of interest
- practice it intensely until production of the scripted speech becomes automatic and effortless
36
syntax treatments
- sentence production program for aphasia (SPPA)
- treatment of underlying forms (TUF)
37
sentence production program for aphasia (SPPA)
- "prescribed treatment program designed to aid in the production of specific sentence types"
- idea is that production of certain types will improve if the person with aphasia hears and produces multiple sentences with the same syntactic form ut different lexical content
38
SPPA: a story completion task is used to practice 8 different sentence structures, there are 2 task levels
level A- the clinician reads a story that includes the target sentence and then asks a question to elicit repetition of that sentence
level B- the clinician reads the story without the target sentence and asks a question to elicit that sentence
39
treatment of underlying forms (TUF)
- "linguistic approach to treating sentence-level deficits in persons with agrammatic aphasia"
- improve sentence production by training more complex sentence structures first
40
word finding treatments
- gestural facilitation of naming (GES)
- response elaboration training (RET)
- semantic feature analysis treatment
- verb network strengthening treatment (VneST)
- word retrieval cueing strategies
41
gestural facilitation of naming (GES)
"approach that uses intact gesture abilities to mediate activation of word retrieval by taking advantage of the interactive nature of language and action"
42
response elaboration training (RET)
- "treatment approach designed to help increase verbal elaboration abilities of persons with aphasia"
- the ultimate goal of RET is to generalize elaboration abilities so that the person can more fully participate in conversation with a communication partner
43
RET: steps in sequence
1. show a stimulus to the patient, patient responds saying what it is
2. if needed the clinician shapes/models that person's response
3. the clinician gives a "wh" question to elaborate on the response
4. reinforce on the elaborated response (repeat if correct or help shape/model)
5. patient repeated the clinician's combined model
6. elicit a delayed imitation
44
semantic feature analysis treatment
- "word retrieval treatment in which the person with aphasia identifies important semantic features of a target word that is difficult to retrieve"
- circumlocution
- SFA is thought to improve word retrieval by activating the semantic network associated with the target word, thereby raising the word's threshold for being retrieved
45
verb network strengthening treatment (VneST)
- "aphasia treatment to promote lexical retrieval in sentence context"
- VneST targets verbs and their roles to activate semantic networks and to improve the production of basic syntactic structures (subject-verb-object)
46
word retrieval cueing strategies
"an approach that provides additional information, such as the beginning sound of a word (phonological cueing) or contextual cues (semantic cueing), to prompt word"
