Overview of Class (Final)

Question 1

purpose of language sampling

Answer 1

the goal is to elicit spontaneous language which:
- helps to support standardize assessment
- look for paraphasias, agrammatisms, utterance length, etc.

Question 2

what is dynamic assessment?

Answer 2

method involving initial testing, skills are addressed in treatment, individual is retested to determine treatment outcome

Question 3

5 considerations of the WHO criteria

Answer 3

1. impairments in body structure and function
2. comorbid deficits
3. limitations in activity and participation
4. environmental and personal factors
5. quality of life

Question 4

what is included in the case history?

Answer 4

• medical history
• mental health history
• education and health literacy level
• work history
• hobbies and personal interests
• cultural and linguistic backgrounds
• typical communication linguistics
• current communication strategies
• perception of functional communication status
• preferences and goals

Question 5

differential diagnosis

Answer 5

list of possible diagnoses that could be causing the presenting symptoms

Question 6

SMART goals

Answer 6

• specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, time-bound
• be able to create them based off of case studies

Question 7

what does it mean to be person/family centered tx approach?

Answer 7

• collaborate approach between individuals, families, and clinicians
• all parties are equally important
• individual and family preferences are priority

Question 8

restorative vs. compensatory

Answer 8

• restorative: improving or restoring impaired function (activities and participation)
• compensatory: compensating for deficits that are not able to be retrained (body functions/structures)

Question 9

primary progressive aphasia

Answer 9

a rare and lesser-known neurological condition caused by changes in the frontal and temporal lobes of brain, which are largely responsible for language and executive functioning

Question 10

primary progressive aphasia: characteristics

Answer 10

• talk or singing slower than usual
• having difficulty thinking of words, even the names of familiar objects and people
• leaving words out or mixing up the order of words in sentences
• using a different word than the one they mean (table instead of chair)
• having difficulty understanding what words mean
• struggling to follow a conversation
• making mistakes in spelling that they wouldn’t typically make

Question 11

Broca’s aphasia

Answer 11

• nonfluent
• poor reading comprehension, significantly impaired oral expression in confrontational naming, spelling errors
• apraxia of speech

Question 12

Wernicke’s aphasia

Answer 12

• fluent
• anomia, difficulty with meanings of printed words, excessive but meaningless writing
• lack of self-awareness

Question 13

conduction aphasia

Answer 13

• fluent
• better comprehension of silently read content, impaired repetition, literal paraphasias

Question 14

global aphasia

Answer 14

• nonfluent
• expressions limited to a few words, impaired reading comprehension, greatly reduced fluency
• apraxia of speech

Question 15

transcortical mixed aphasia

Answer 15

• nonfluent
• limited spontaneous speech, severe echolalia, unimpaired automatic speech

Question 16

transcortical sensory aphasia

Answer 16

• fluent
• logorrhea, neologisms, naming severely impaired
• poor self-monitoring

Question 17

transcortical motor aphasia

Answer 17

• nonfluent
• literal paraphasias, intact repetition, severely impaired writing

Question 18

anomic aphasia

Answer 18

• fluent
• word finding difficulties, intact writing expression, intact repetition

Question 19

prosopagnosia

Answer 19

inability to identify faces

Question 20

amusia

Answer 20

inability to recognize musical tones or to reproduce them

Question 21

dysnomia

Answer 21

difficulty with or inability to retrieve the correct word from memory when needed

Question 22

alexia

Answer 22

with or without agraphia

Question 23

agraphia

Answer 23

inability to write letters, symbols, words, or sentences

Question 24

perseveration

Answer 24

recurrence, out of context and in the absence of the original stimulus, of some behavioral act

Question 25

dysarthria

Answer 25

weakness

Question 26

apraxia

Answer 26

pronunication

Question 27

hemiplegia

Answer 27

use of one side

Question 28

visual agnosias

Answer 28

inability to identify something visually

Question 29

auditory agnosia

Answer 29

good with nonspeech sounds, difficulty with words

Question 30

tactile agnosia

Answer 30

difficulty with sensory processing

Question 31

community aphasia groups

Answer 31

- purpose: treatment and support for people with aphasia that can improve linguistic functioning in a naturalistic setting - demographic: patients with aphasia - therapy: socializing, sharing ideas, feelings, learn more information

Question 32

life participation approach to aphasia (LPAA)

Answer 32

- purpose: general philosophy and model of consumer-driven service delivery and not a specific clinical approach - demographic: focuses on long-term management of aphasia - therapy: reengage in life through daily participation in activities of their choice

Question 33

computer-based treatment

Answer 33

- purpose: utilize computer technology to target various language skills - demographic: aphasia patients using AAC device - therapy: introducing AAC devices

Question 34

constraint-induced language therapy (CILT)

Answer 34

- purpose: intensive treatment approach focused on increasing spoken language output while discouraging (constraining) the use of compensatory communication strategies

Question 35

melodic intonation therapy (MIT)

Answer 35

- purpose: uses the musical elements of speech (melody, rhythm, stress) to improve expressive language - demographic: working on intonation - therapy: start by intoning (singing) simple words/phrases and increase phrase length; then reliance on intonation is gradually decreased over time

Question 36

augmentative and alternative communication (AAC)

Answer 36

- purpose: involves supplementing or replacing natural communication modalities (natural spoken language) with aided or unaided symbols - demographic: supporting nonspeaking communication

Question 37

promoting aphasics' communication effectiveness (PACE)

Answer 37

- purpose: designed to improve conversational skills - demographic: aphasic patients - therapy: patient and clinician take turns as the message sender or receiver; picture prompts are concealed from listener, speaker uses their choice of modalities to convey message

Question 38

visual action therapy (VAT)

Answer 38

- purpose: nonspeaking treatment approach that trains individuals to use hand gestures to indicate visually absent items - demographic: global aphasia - therapy: tracing, matching, producing pantomimed gestures for visible objects, pantomimed for absent objects

Question 39

conversational coaching

Answer 39

- purpose: designed to teach verbal and nonverbal communication strategies to individuals with aphasia and their primary communication partners - demographic: aphasic individuals - therapy: strategies (drawing, gesturing, cueing) are chosen by the individual and his/her partner, and the SLP is the "coach"

Question 40

supported communication intervention (SCI)

Answer 40

- purpose: approach to aphasia rehabilitation that emphasizes the need for multimodal communication, partner training, and opportunities for social interaction - demographic: aphasic patients

Question 41

multiple oral reading (MOR)

Answer 41

- purpose: treatment techniques for individuals with acquired disorders of reading - demographic: dyslexia, alexia; best suited for individuals with preserved letter-by-letter reading abilities and relatively good oral reading and comprehension at the single-word level - therapy: re-reading text aloud either a specific number of times or until a specific reading rate is reached

Question 42

oral reading for language in aphasia (ORLA)

Answer 42

- purpose: treatment for individuals with aphasia that involves repeated practice reading sentences aloud with the clinician in an effort to improve reading comprehension via phonological and semantic reading routes - demographic: aphasic patients - therapy: using connected discourse (sentences) to practice natural rhythm and intonation

Question 43

supported reading comprehension

Answer 43

- purpose: focus on improving the reading comprehension of individuals with aphasia by incorporating aphasia-friendly text supports - demographic: aphasic patients - therapy: drawings, personally relevant photographs, and reader-friendly formatting and linguistic supports

Question 44

reciprocal scaffolding treatment (RST)

Answer 44

- purpose: group treatment approach that addresses communication skills using natural language in meaningful social contexts - demographic: aphasic individuals - therapy: giving an opportunity to use premorbid knowledge and vocabulary in reciprocal teaching interactions with a group of "novices"

Question 45

script training

Answer 45

- purpose: functional approach to aphasia treatment that uses script knowledge (understanding, remembering, and recalling event sequences of an activity) to facilitate participation in personally relevant activities - demographic: aphasic patients - therapy: developing a scripted monologue or dialogue of an activity of interests

Question 46

sentences production program for aphasia (SPPA)

Answer 46

- purpose: prescribed treatment program designed to aid in the production of specific sentence types - demographic: aphasic patients - therapy: clinician reads a story that includes the target sentences and then asks a question to elicit repetition of that sentence; clinician reads the story without the target sentence and asks a question to elicit that sentence

Question 47

treatment of underlying forms (TUF)

Answer 47

- purpose: linguistic approach to treating sentence-level deficits in persons with agrammatic aphasia - demographic: aphasic patients - therapy: improve sentence production by training more complex sentence structures first

Question 48

gestural facilitation of naming (GES)

Answer 48

- purpose: uses intact gesture abilities to mediate activation of word retrieval by taking advantage of the interactive nature of language and action

Question 49

response elaboration training (RET)

Answer 49

- purpose: treatment approach designed to help increase verbal elaboration abilities of persons with aphasia - demographic: aphasic patients - therapy steps in order 1. show a stimulus to the patient, patient responds saying what it is 2. if needed the clinician shapes/models that person's response 3. the clinician gives a "wh" question to elaborate on the response 4. reinforce on the elaborated response 5. patient repeated the clinician's combined model 6. elicit a delayed imitation

Question 50

semantic feature analysis treatment

Answer 50

- purpose: word retrieval treatment in which the person with aphasia identifies important semantic features of a target word that is difficult to retrieve - demographic: aphasic patients - therapy: using semantic network associated with the target word

Question 51

verb network strengthening treatment (VneST)

Answer 51

- purpose: aphasia treatment to promote lexical retrieval in sentence context - demographic: aphasic patients - therapy: targeting verbs and their roles to activate semantic networks and to improve the production of basic syntactic structures (subject-verb-object)

Question 52

word retrieval cueing strategies

Answer 52

- purpose: provides additional information, such as the beginning sound of a word (phonological cueing) or contextual cues (semantic cueing), to prompt the word