Aphasia Part 1: on Midterm

Question 1

aphasia definition

Answer 1

language disorder that results from damage to portions of the brain that are responsible for language, typically located in the left side (hemisphere) of the brain

Question 2

aphasia impairs…

Answer 2

both expressive and receptive language

Question 3

aphasia is an impairment of complex functions which are between…

Answer 3

input and output transmission and involve processes shared by the individual transmission channels

Question 4

propositional utterances

Answer 4

a creative formulation of words with specific and appropriate regard to the situation

Question 5

non-propositional language

Answer 5

• automized sequences
• memorized sequences
• recurrent social speech
• emotion speech

Question 6

automized sequences

Answer 6

counting, alphabet

Question 7

memorized sequences

Answer 7

prayer or song

Question 8

recurrent social speech

Answer 8

hi, how are you?

Question 9

emotion speech

Answer 9

profanity

Question 10

anomia

Answer 10

general term referring to difficulty finding a word including errors of omission and commission

Question 11

circumlocution

Answer 11

positive symptom which arises from language mechanisms that remain unimpaired

Question 12

example of circumlocution

Answer 12

patient talks around the intended word, giving definitions, descriptors, or even sound effects

Question 13

3 types of paraphasias

Answer 13

1. phonemic
2. verbal (semantic)
3. unrelated

Question 14

phonemic paraphasia

Answer 14

• errored word sounds like the target
• ex: pike/pipe
• literal paraphasia

Question 15

verbal (semantic) paraphasia

Answer 15

• word substitution bears a relationship with target
• ex: wife/husband

Question 16

unrelated paraphasia

Answer 16

• no semantic relationships, neologisms
• ex: planker/comb

Question 17

neologisms

Answer 17

fluenty spoken word from which can’t be identified as coming from patient’s language or any other language

Question 18

agrammatism

Answer 18

• deficit in formulating and processing syntax
• content words produced but function words missing

Question 19

alexia with agraphia

Answer 19

damage to angular gyrus

Question 20

alexia without agraphia

Answer 20

disconnection of angular gyrus from visual inputs

Question 21

perseveration

Answer 21

recurrence, out of context and in the absence of the original stimulus, of some behavioral act

Question 22

perseveration often appears as…

Answer 22

repeated responses occurring involuntarily and often when patient is fatigued or frustrated with a task

Question 23

dysarthria

Answer 23

weakness

Question 24

apraxia

Answer 24

pronunciation

Question 25

hemiplegia

Answer 25

use of non-dominant hand

Question 26

visual agnosias

Answer 26

inability to identify something visually

Question 27

prosopagnosia

Answer 27

inability to identify faces

Question 28

homonymous hemianopsia

Answer 28

- blindness over half the field of vision - same part of visual field affected

Question 29

auditory agnosia

Answer 29

good with nonspeech sounds, difficulty with words

Question 30

tactile agnosia

Answer 30

difficulty with sensory processing

Question 30

working memory

Answer 30

set of 4 numbers, remember, and then say backwards