Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

III > Travel Health > Flashcards

Travel Health Flashcards

1
Q

What is the BCG Vaccine?

A

TB.
Formerly part of normal UK vaccination schedule.
Consider in under 40s going to live or work in endemic areas.

Admin after negative Mantoux test.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the Havrix vaccine?

A

Monovalent vaccine for Hep A,
Seroconversion 4 weeks after single dose.
May be combined with Hep B or typhoid but takes longer to work.
Provides up to 5 months immunity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the Energix B vaccine for?

A

Hep B.
Normally spread through exposure to infected blood or body fluids.
Different dosage schedules are possible and it can be combined with the Hep A vaccine.
Can take up to 6 months to reach immunity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How is Hep A spread?

A

Faecal oral route

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How long can the Hep B vaccine take to reach immunity?

A

Energix B:

6 months.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What vaccine is available for Meningitis A+C?

A

A single dose of a combined vaccine.

Provides rapid immunity, which is long-lasting but boosters should be given every 5 years if at continued risk .

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Who should be given the BCG vaccine?

A

TB.
Formerly part of normal UK vaccination schedule.
Consider in under 40s going to live or work in endemic areas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the vaccine for Hep A?

A

Harvix: monovalent.
Seroconversion 4 weeks after single dose.
May be combined with Hep B or typhoid but takes longer to work.
Provides up to 5 months immunity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How often/ when should people receive booster shots for Men A+C?

A

boosters should be given every 5 years if at continued risk .

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How many vaccinations of tetanus is considered to give life-long immunity?

A

5.

A booster should be given if a person is likely to travel to areas with high risk of exposure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

When should the BCG vaccine be administered?

A

After a negative Mantoux test.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the vaccine for Hep A and how long does it provide immunity for?

A

Harvix: monovalent.
Seroconversion 4 weeks after single dose.
May be combined with Hep B or typhoid but takes longer to work.
Provides up to 5 months immunity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

For whom should a rabies vaccine be considered?

A

Those travelling for more than one month in a rabies-enzootic area unless reliable access to prompt safe medical care is available.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is tick-borne encephalitis?

A

Brain inflammation caused by flavivirus carried by ticks or from unpasteurized milk.

Those who are travelling to warm, forested, tick-infested areas should be vaccinated.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the Mantoux Test?

A

The Mantoux test or Mendel-Mantoux test (also known as the Mantoux screening test, tuberculin sensitivity test, Pirquet test, or PPD test for purified protein derivative) is a screening tool for tuberculosis (TB).

Skin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What vaccines are available for Typhoid?

A

Live attenuated oral vaccine: Ty21a.
Given as 3 doses on alternate days.
Needs to be given at least 3 days prior to starting malaria prophylaxis.

Antibacterials need to be avoided for 3 days prior and following.

Single dose IM injection.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Who should be vaccinated for yellow fever?

A

Those travelling to endemic areas at least 10 days before travel.

  • only available in the UK from designated centers
  • certification of vaccination may be required if travelling through endemic areas.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the yellow fever vaccine?

A

Live vaccine. Provides 10 years immunity.

At least 10 days prior to travel.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the recommended vaccines for Egypt?

A

Hep A, Hep B, Rabies, Tetanus, Typhoid.

20
Q

How should the typhoid vaccine be given?

A

Ty21a
Live attenuated oral vaccine so antibacterial medications must be avoided for 3 days either side of treatment.

At least 3 days before malaria prophylaxis.

3 doses on alternative days as a single dose IM injection.

21
Q

What is the ABCD of malaria prophylaxis?

A

Awareness
Bite prevention
Chemoprophylaxis
Diagnosis

22
Q

What malaria regimes have least risk of side effects?

A 
Simply Chloroquine (proguanil) on its own is safest. 
As more drugs are added the chance of side effects increases.
23
Q

How should chloroquine be taken for malaria prophylaxis?

A

Two 150mg tablets weekly.
Starting one week before travel and for four weeks after return.

Cannot be used in epilepsy.

24
Q

How is the typhoid vaccine given? (what route)

A

Ty21a

3 doses on alternative days as a single dose IM injection.

25
Q

How does proguanil differ from chloroquine?

A

P: Two 100mg tablets daily.
CQ: Two 150mg tablets per week.

Both starting one week prior to travel and continuing for 4 weeks after return.

26
Q

What dose of mefloquine should be used for malaria prophylaxis?

A

250mg weekly if >45kg BW.
Start at least two weeks before travel, continue for 4 weeks after return.

High risks of side effects and serious CNS disturbances and hallucinations.

27
Q

What dose is doxycycline used at in MP?

A

100mg daily.
Started two days before entering endemic area.
Continued for 4 weeks after return.
High incidence of minor GI side effects.
Low risk of severe photo sensitivity reaction.

28
Q

What is malarone?

A

Proguanil 100mg + atovaquone 250mg.
Once daily.
Started 1-2 days before entering endemic area and continued for one week after return.

29
Q

How can insect bites be avoided?

A

Reduce general exposure to insects through knowledge of their behaviour and how they are attracted to bite
Use repellent applied to the skin
Use insecticides which are impregnated into materials such as clothing, mosquito nets or tents
Wear loose-fitting light coloured clothes
Malaria carrying mosquitos bite between dusk and dawn.

30
Q

With what drug is there a high risk of CNS side effects and hallucinations?

A

Mefloquine.

CI in epilepsy.

31
Q

What drug is contraindicated in epileptics?

A

Chlorquine.

32
Q

Low risk of severe photo sensitivity reaction. Found with use of what?

A

doxycycline

33
Q

How often is malarone taken?

A

once daily.

34
Q

What do the Tsestse flies do?

A

Bite during the day and cause sleeping sickness.

35
Q

What can influence the efficacy of insect repellents?

A

Efficacy reduced by:

  • increased ambient temp
  • skin absorption

Efficacy increased by:

  • amount used
  • concentration
36
Q

What is DEET?

A

insecticide. Applied every 4 hours.

Skin irritant tho.

37
Q

Why might Icaridin (Autan) be preferred to DEET?

A

Non-plasticising.

38
Q

In which patients in mefloquine contraindicated?

A

Depression.

39
Q

Mefloquine prophylaxis should be started:

A

2 WEEKS BEFORE TRAVEL

40
Q

Mefloquine is used in the prophylaxis of malaria where there is high risk of chloroquine resistance. Can it be used for treatment if it has been previously used for prophylaxis?

A

NO

41
Q 
Which of the following has the longest incubation period?
Salmonella
Shigella
Campylobacter
Giardia
A

Giardia: 5-25 days
Campylobacter: 2-11 days.

42
Q

Foul smelling diarrhoea

A

Giardia

43
Q

Treatment for C. diff diarhoea

A

Metronidazole, vancomycin.

44
Q

Treatment for protozal Entamoeba istolyctica

A

Diloxanide

45
Q

Treatment for giardia

A

Metronidazole

46
Q

Treatment for campylobacter

A

Erythromycin

47
Q

Treatment for Salmonella

A

Ciprofloxacin

III (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions