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Things I keep getting wrong 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Histamine, effect on vascular permeability:

A

Increased

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2
Q

LTD4

A

Bronchoconstriction

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3
Q

Measurement of NSAID selectivity for COX-2

A

Monocyte PGE2 production

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4
Q

H1 receptor is coupled to what?

A

GQ coupled.
PLC linked so Ca2+ increase
Vasodialtory effects on arterioles via NO2
Increased vascular permeability via endothelial contractions and odema formation.
Neuropeptide release: CGRP SP.

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5
Q

TXA2 is mostly produced by

A

PLatelets

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6
Q

ADA is created from PLs how?

A

Action of PLA2

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7
Q

LKs are produced from ADA how?

A

Lipoxygenases

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8
Q

PGI3 has what effect on aggregation?

A

potent anti

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9
Q

What is lipocortin?

A

An endogenous PLA2 inhibitor, so lowers levels of ADA and thus eicosanoids etc.

It is induced by glucocorticoids and can be exploited in anti-leukotriene therapy.

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10
Q

The H1 receptor is PLC linked meaning:

A

GQ coupled.
PLC linked so Ca2+ increase
Vasodialtory effects on arterioles via NO2
Increased vascular permeability via endothelial contractions and odema formation.
Neuropeptide release: CGRP SP.

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11
Q

C3a + C5a , effect on vascular permeability:

A

Increased

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12
Q

What type of drug is zafirlukast?

A

Anti-LTC4

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13
Q

TXA2 has what effect on aggregation?

A

weak pro

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14
Q

Neuropeptide release occurs from stimulation of which H receptor?

A

H1
GQ coupled.
PLC linked so Ca2+ increase
Vasodialtory effects on arterioles via NO2
Increased vascular permeability via endothelial contractions and odema formation.
Neuropeptide release: CGRP SP.

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15
Q

Which H receptor is Gs coupled?

A

H2.
Ac –> increased cAMP
Gastric acid secretion
Vascualr smooth muscle relaxation

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16
Q

Which PG receptor is anti and pro inflammatory?

A

EP2

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17
Q

Bradykinin, effect on vascular permeability:

A

Increased

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18
Q

H1 stimulation results in arteriole dilation how?

A

GQ coupled.
PLC linked so Ca2+ increase
Vasodialtory effects on arterioles via NO2
Increased vascular permeability via endothelial contractions and odema formation.
Neuropeptide release: CGRP SP.

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19
Q

Tritoqualine

A

L-histidine decarboxylase inhibitor.

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20
Q

Which H receptor causes vascular smooth muscle relaxation?

A

H2 Gs coupled
Ac –> increased cAMP
Gastric acid secretion
Vascualr smooth muscle relaxation

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21
Q

PAF, effect on vascular permeability:

A

Increased

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22
Q

Which COX is induced by IL-1, TNFa Growth factors etc?

A

COX2

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23
Q

Anti-LTC4

A

Zafirlukast

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24
Q

LTB4, LTC4, effect on vascular permeability:

A

Increased

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25
Q

Effects of PGE2

A

Inhibition of gastric acid secretion
Increased gastric mucus
Increased blood flow

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26
Q

Actions of aspirin on COX-1

A

acetylates SER-530 and interferes with hydrophobic binding pocket.

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27
Q

Important residue in COX-2 that isnt Serine?

A

VAL-523

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28
Q

Important residue in COX-1 that is not Serine?

A

IL-523

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29
Q

Vasodilators

A 
Histamine
Bradykinin 
NO
NP: SP, CGRP
PGE2
PGI2
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30
Q

Prinzmetal angina

A

TxA2

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31
Q

Measurement of NSAID selectivity occurs how?

A 
COX1 = TXA2 from platelets.
COX2 = Monocyte PGE2
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32
Q

Effects of GCs:

A

Inhibition of PLA2
Increased Lipocortin, endogenous inhibitor of PLA2
Inhibited COX3 synthesis.

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33
Q

Montelukast

A

LTC4 inhibitor

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34
Q

H receptor involved with chemotaxis:

A

H4

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35
Q

Effect of endothelial PGE2 on aggregation:

36
Q

Effect of vascular TXA2 on aggregation

A

weakly promoted.

37
Q

Tocade

A

Collagenases

38
Q

Rolipram

A

Type IV PDE inhibitor.
Increases AC, Increases cAMP.
Decreases TNF transcription.

39
Q

Leflunomide

A

Orotate dehydrogenase inhibitor.

B cell depleting due to pyrimidines etc, less antibodies.

40
Q

LTC4 inhibitor

A

Montelukast

41
Q

Abatacept

A

CTLA4and Fc of IgGm CD90 + CD86 with CD28 blocked.

42
Q

Decreased transcription can be caused by which PDE IV inhibitor?

A

Rolipram
Type IV PDE inhibitor.
Increases AC, Increases cAMP.
Decreases TNF transcription.

43
Q

Tocilizumab

A

Anti IL6R, increases levels of circulation anti inflammatory IL-6.

44
Q

Tofacitinib

A

JAK3 inhibitor so will block IL2, 3, 5 and 21

45
Q

Chemotaxin LT___

46
Q

Bacterial product that is also a chemotaxin

47
Q

Delavirdine

48
Q

Lopinavir

A

Protease inhibitor

GAG and POL

49
Q

NS5A protease inhibitors

A

Ledipasvir, ABT 267, Daclatasvir

50
Q

Penicllamine

A

Chelator

Inhibits maturation of newly synthesised collagen.

51
Q

Didanosine

52
Q

Aclidinium

A

Muscarinic antagonist with a fast M2 offtime

53
Q

Active TB treatment

A

All for two months.

R and I for 4 months after that.

54
Q

Mitogens

A

Platelet derived growth factor
Endothelin
Cytokines
Histamine

55
Q

ABT-333

56
Q

Ledipasvir

A

NS5A protease inhibitors

57
Q

Lamivudine

58
Q

ABT 267,

A

NS5A protease inhibitors

59
Q

Zidovudine

60
Q

Daclatasvir

A

NS5A protease inhibitors

61
Q

Nevirapine

62
Q

Latent TB treatment

A

6-9 months Isoniazid or 3 months of both I and R, 12 weekly doses total.

63
Q

Antibiotics that accumulate in bile

A

Tetracyclines and macrolides.

64
Q

Efavirenz

65
Q

Monobactams are only active against

66
Q

Antibiotic which produces cytotoxics

A

Metronidazole

67
Q

What has been approved for the prophylaxis of Influenza?

A

Oseltamivir

68
Q

Aminoglycosides can treat

A

Gram negative infections

69
Q

Streptomycin is the only aminoglycoside to

A

Enter the cell

70
Q

Antibiotic limited to 2 weeks of use with blood count monitoring.

71
Q

What type of bacteria are not susceptible to beta lactam antibiotics?

A

Gram negatives

72
Q

CMV treatment

A

Ganciclovir

73
Q

Can chloroquine and proguanil be used together in sub-saharan Africa?

74
Q

Are NSAIDs commonly used to treat airway disease?

75
Q

Atypical agents causing pneumonia

A

M. pneumonia
L. pnue
Chlamydia

76
Q

Aztreonam

A 
Monobactam,
Less likely to cause HS,
More stable to BLs,
Active against only G-ve aerobes, not G+ve or anaerobes. 
IM or IV for sept or complicated UTIs
77
Q

Which is more resistant to BLs?

Monobactams or carbapenems?

A

Carbapenems.

78
Q

Which antibiotic can only be used topically? Why?

A

Bacitracin, causes kidney damage when taken systemically.

79
Q

Active against only G-ve aerobes, not G+ve or anaerobes.

IM or IV for sept or complicated UTIs

A

Aztreonam, a monobactam

80
Q

Most likely cause of an invasive CNS infection

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

81
Q

Ritixumab is given as:

A

IV injection/infusion

82
Q

The treatment for meningitis caused by S. pneumoniae is:

A

14 days of ceftriaxone, 2g IV every 12 hours or 2g Iv every 6Hrs.

83
Q

The treatment for meningitis caused by N. meningitidis is:

A

This is the most common cause.

7 days of IV ceftriaxone 2g bd or IV penicillin G or ampicillin with dexamethasone.

84
Q

Heparins do what?

A

Protective role

85
Q

LTC4 and LTD4 have what effect?

A

Bronchoconstriction and oedema

86
Q

LTB4 has what effect?

A

Chemotactic for leukocyte.

III (24 decks)

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