Blagbrough Antibiotics Flashcards
All 3rd gen cephalosporins are:
Injection only.
Methicillin is very bulky and hard for enzymes to metabolise due to:
2 MeO groups.
2,6 dimethoxy.
If a bacteria is resistant to this it is resistant to all penicillin based.
The lack of oral activity of Pen G/Pen V is because of:
Not absorption
Stability in gastric acids.
Pen V is orally active.
Pen V is what?
Orally active despite being more polar than Pen G so less likely to be absorbed.
Why do allergic reactions to penicillin occur?
Peptide derived nature.
Presence of amino acids makes the body’s immune response trigger.
5 membered ring
Pen
7 membered ring
Cephalosporins
How do 4th gen Ceph differ from 3rd Gen?
4th gen lack the sulphur but have gained a positive charge.
Why is piperacillin possibly a better substrate mimic?
More peptide bonds and hydrogen bonds
Is tazobactam an antibiotic?
NO, simply having a beta lactam ring does not make something an antibiotic.
Resistance is more likely to develop to an antibiotic if it functions at what stage of a bacterial biosynthetic sequence?
If antibiotics work early on in the life of the bacterium there is more chance that resistance can develop. If I can act at steps 18/19 in the bacterial biosynthetic sequence then the stronger the antibiotic.
If the antibiotic is targeting cells in late life then all the previous nutrient stores of the cell are already depleted and they have less potential to overcome the antibiotic.
What is the beta lactam pharmacophore?
Distance between COOH/SO3 and C=O is the same.
Streptococcus pyogenes causes what?
Scarlett fever
Borrelia Burgdirfei causes:
Lyme disease, ticks.
Treponema pertenue causes what?
YAWS disease
