Trauma/Trauma Systems

Question 1

What is Trauma?

Answer 1

Trauma is a physical injury or wound caused by external force or violence

Question 2

trauma is the leading killer of persons UNDER what age in Canada?

Answer 2

45

Question 3

what is serious trauma considered?

Answer 3

Surgical Disease

Question 4

The trauma center has how many levels and what are they?

Answer 4

1) tertiary
2) District
3) Primary

Question 5

Tertiary Trauma Centre

Answer 5

Commits resources to address all types of specialty trauma 24 hours a day, 7 days a week

Question 6

District Trauma Centre

Answer 6

commits the resources to address the most common trauma emergencies with surgical capability available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week; will stabilize and transport specialty cases to the tertiary trauma centre

Question 7

Primary Trauma Centre

Answer 7

commits to special emergency department training and has some surgical capability but will usually stabilize and transfer seriously injured trauma patients to a higher level trauma centre as needed

Question 8

trauma triage criteria

Answer 8

guidelines to aid prehospital personnel in determining which trauma patients require urgent transportation to a trauma centre

Question 9

mechanism of injury

Answer 9

the processes and forces that cause trauma

Question 10

when does the mechanism of injury start?

Answer 10

consideration of the mechanism of injury begins during the scene assessment. the mechanism of injury should be reconsidered as the first step of the focused history and secondary assessment for trauma pateints

Question 11

index of suspicion

Answer 11

the anticipation of injury to a body region, organ, or structure based on analysis of the mechanism of injury

Question 12

What is your role as a PCP when attending a critical trauma patient?

Answer 12

to ensure the ABC’s and prepare the patient for rapid transport

Question 13

What are the physical signs suggesting serious trauma?

Answer 13

signs and symptoms of shock, and those of internal head injury (which are principal killers in trauma)

Question 14

Golden Hour

Answer 14

the 60 minute period after a severe injury; it is the maximum acceptable time between the injury and initiation of surgery for the seriously injured patient.

Question 15

Trauma Triage Criteria indicating Need for Immediate Transport (Mechanism of Injury) please flip to see list

Answer 15

• falls > 6m. (3x the victims height)
• pedestrian/bicyclist versus auto collision (struck by car travelling >10 km/h, thrown or run over by a vehicle)
• motorcycle impact at 30 km/h
• Ejection from a vehicle
• Severe vehicle impact (speed @ impact >60km/h, intrusion of >30cm into occupant compartment, vehicle deformity >50cm)
• rollover with signs of serious impact
• death of another occupant in the vehicle
• extrication time >20 minutes
  CHILDREN/INFANTS
• a fall >3m (3x victims height)
• a bicycle/vehicle collision
• a vehicle collision at medium speed
• any vehicle collision in which the infant or child was unrestrained

Question 16

Trauma Triage Criteria indicating Need for Immediate Transport (Physical Findings) please flip to see list

Answer 16

• Revised trauma score < 11
• GCS <14
• SBP <90
• RR <10 or >29
• HR <50 or >120
• 2 or more proximal long-bone fractures
• flail chest
• pelvic fracture
• limb paralysis
• burns to >15% of body surface area
• burns to airway or face
• Complete amputation of limb
• tender, distended abdomen secondary to blunt/penetrating trauma
• head injury with unilaterally dilated pupil. and/or patient unconscious or LOC decreased or decreasing during assessment

Question 17

In Canada, trauma is the leading killer of persons under the age of

Answer 17

25

Question 18

Trauma patients that do not have serious, life-threatening injuries is approximately

Answer 18

90%

Question 19

Trauma care is predicated on the principle that serious trauma is a(n):

Answer 19

Surgical Disease

Question 20

A Primary Trauma Center is a(n):

Answer 20

community hospital

Question 21

Teaching hospitals that also provide resource support for other levels of healthcare are

Answer 21

tertiary trauma centers.

Question 22

A facility with 24 hours a day, 7 days a week surgical capability, that handles most regional seriously injured or multisystem trauma patients, is a(n):

Answer 22

district trauma center

Question 23

Medical facilities that go beyond and are prepared to provide advanced personnel, equipment, and resources are designated

Answer 23

specialty centres

Question 24

The guidelines that help determine the need of a trauma patient for the services of the trauma center are called the

Answer 24

trauma triage centre

Question 25

The result of the analysis of the mechanism of injury is the:

Answer 25

Index of suspicion

Question 26

Consideration of the mechanism of injury begins:

Answer 26

during the scene-assessment

Question 27

Trauma triage criteria are guidelines for the paramedic to assess the patient’s mechanism of injury and

Answer 27

any physical assessment findings

Question 28

Based on analysis of the event the index of suspicion is a(n):

Answer 28

anticipation of possible injuries

Question 29

In Canada, it is estimated that drunk drivers kill

Answer 29

twice as many Canadians as do murders

Question 30

In Canada, firearms cause more than:

Answer 30

1300 deaths per year

Question 31

In most patients with life-threatening injury, the injury is internal and is likely to involve

Answer 31

the head or a body cavity hemorrhage

Question 32

Studies have shown that victims of vehicle crashes suffered not only from the injuries received in the crashes, but also from the lack of

Answer 32

organization in pre-hospital care

Question 33

The Trauma Care Systems Planning and Development Act of 1990 helped establish guidelines, funding, and support for the

Answer 33

development of trauma systems.

Question 34

A well-designed EMS system will allocate resources in a way that provides the most

Answer 34

efficient and effective care for patients.

Question 35

In the 1960s, studies of motor vehicle crash victims showed that most hospitals were

Answer 35

inadequately equipped and staffed to care for vehicle crash victims.

Question 36

The processes and forces that cause trauma are the:

Answer 36

mechanism of injury

Question 37

By evaluating the force of impact and its nature in an accident, you can anticipate the damage and the

Answer 37

degree it has been damaged

Question 38

The physical signs suggesting serious trauma include the signs and symptoms of shock and those of

Answer 38

internal head injury.

Question 39

The principle killers in trauma are internal head injuries and

Answer 39

Shock

Question 40

The maximum acceptable time between the injury and initiation of surgery for the seriously injured trauma patient is the:

Answer 40

Golden Hour

Question 41

Although there are many factors in an incident the initial and rapid trauma assessments, emergency stabilization, patient packaging, and initiation of transport should be provided in:

Answer 41

Under 10 Minutes

Question 42

For air medical transport to be appropriate the patient must be

Answer 42

relatively stable

Question 43

In applying trauma triage criteria, it is best to:

Answer 43

err on the side of caution.