Gynecology

Question 1

gynecology

Answer 1

the branch of medicine that deals with the health maintenance and the diseases of women, primarily of the reproductive organs

Question 2

obstetrics

Answer 2

the branch of medicine that deals with the care of women throughout pregnancy

Question 3

most common emergency gynecological complaints

Answer 3

abdominal pain

vaginal bleeding

Question 4

dysmenorrhea

Answer 4

painful menstruation

Question 5

dyspareunia

Answer 5

painful sexual intercourse

Question 6

in the female patient of child bearing age, always document what ?

Answer 6

LMP (last menstrual period)

Question 7

pain and fever tend to..

Answer 7

increase HR/RR and BP

Question 8

significant bleeding will cause

Answer 8

increased HR/RR as well as narrowing pulse pressures. (difference between systolic/diastolic). perform a tilt test to assess orthostatic changes.

Question 9

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

Answer 9

an acute infection of the reproductive organs that can be caused by a bacteria, virus or fungus.

Question 10

organs most commonly involved in PID are?

Answer 10

uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries.

Question 11

most common causes of PID?

Answer 11

gonorrhea (Neisseria gonorrhoeae)

chlamydia (chlamydia tachomatis)

Question 12

Assessing a patient with PID?

Answer 12

abdominal pain
often diffuse and located in lower abdomen
may be hard to distinguish between PID and appendicitis
pain may intensify before or after menstrual period.
In SEVERE cases - fever, nausea, vomiting, or sepsis.

patients often have foul smelling vaginal discharge, often yellow in colour as well as irregular menses.

Question 13

ruptured ovarian cyst

Answer 13

cysts are fluid filled pockets. when they rupture they can be the source of abdominal pain.

Question 14

cystitis

Answer 14

infection of the urinary bladder

Question 15

dysuria

Answer 15

painful urination often associated with cystitis

Question 16

mittelschmerz

Answer 16

abdominal pain associated with ovulation

Question 17

endometrititis

Answer 17

infection of the endometrium

Question 18

miscarriage

Answer 18

commonly used term to describes a pregnancy that ends before 20 weeks gestation; may also be called spontaneous abortion

Question 19

endometriosis

Answer 19

conditon in which endometrial tissue grows outside of the uterus

Question 20

ectopic pregnancy

Answer 20

the implantation of a developing fetus outside of the uterus, often in a fallopian tube

Question 21

treatment for abdominal pain

Answer 21

make patient comfortable

transport

Question 22

menorrhagia

Answer 22

excessive menstrual flow

Question 23

most common cause of non traumatic vaginal bleeding is?

Answer 23

spontaneous abortion (miscarriage)

Question 24

treatment for vaginal bleeding

Answer 24

absorb blood flow, but do not pack the vagina
transport
initiate oxygen therapy and Iv access on the basis of the patient’s condition

Question 25

why does a ruptured ovarian cyst cause a female pain?

Answer 25

when the cyst ruptures, a small amount of blood is spilled into the abdomen, because blood irritates the peritoneum it can cause abdominal pain and rebound tenderness.

Question 26

why does cystitis cause pain?

Answer 26

the bladder lies anterior to the reproductive organs and when inflamed caused pain, generally immediately above above the pubis. in untreated the infection can progress into the kidneys

Question 27

assessing a patient with cystitis

Answer 27

abdominal pain
may report urinary frequency 
pain or burning when they urinate
low grade fever
**Occasionally urine may be blood tinged

Question 28

why does mittelschmerz cause pain?

Answer 28

it is thought that the pain is related to peritoneal irritation due to follicle rupture or bleeding at the time of ovulation.
the unilateral lower quadrant pain is usually self-limiting and may be accompanied by mid-cycle spotting.

Question 29

assessing a patient with mittelschmerz

Answer 29

abdominal pain mid-cycle

may report low grade fever **temp. does however increase when a woman ovulates until onset of Menstrual period.

Question 30

Signs and symptoms of endometritis

Answer 30

mild to severe lower abdominal pain
bloody, foul-smelling discharge
fever 38.3 - 40
Onset of symptoms are usually 48 - 72 hours after gynecological procedure or miscarriage.

Question 31

what causes pain in Endometriosis?

Answer 31

tissue responds to hormonal changes associated with the menstrual cycle and thus bleeds in a cyclical manner. this bleeding causes inflammation, scarring of adjacent tissues and the subsequent development of adhesion’s, particular in the pelvic cavity

Question 32

signs and symptoms of Endometriosis

Answer 32

dull, cramping pelvic pain that is usually related to menstruation.
dyspareunia and abnormal uterine bleeding
painful bowel movements