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3. AVM III 2 > Trauma informed care > Flashcards

Trauma informed care Flashcards

1
Q

What is trauma?

A
  • an event, series of events, or set of circumstances that is experienced by an individual as physically or emotionally harmful or life threatening and that has lasting adverse effects on the individual’s functioning and mental, physical, social, emotional, or spiritual well-being
    <><>
  • an experience that overwhelms an individual’s capacity to cope
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2
Q

categories of adverse childhood events that lead to trauma

A

abuse
neglect
household dysfunction

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3
Q

Prevalence of trauma (in Canada)
and ptsd - co-occuring conditions?

A
  • 76% have experienced ≥1 traumatic event in lifetime1
  • 1/10 people have been diagnosed with PTSD2
    > 90% of people with PTSD have co-occurring depression, anxiety, substance abuse or suicidal ideation
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4
Q

how common is trauma for refugee youth

A

20-50% of refugee youth experience significant mental health problems; pre-immigration trauma

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5
Q

should we assume people we interact with have experienced trauma

A

yeah

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6
Q

Structural inequities & trauma

A
  • low-income communities disproportionately affected by trauma
  • trauma rooted in systems of power & oppression:
  • racism/white supremacy, colonization, capitalism
  • communities of colour face sociopolitical, racial, & environmental stresses
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7
Q

Intergenerational trauma

A

“The cumulative impact of trauma experienced by both children and their parents as a result of Canada’s residential school policy continues to have consequences for subsequent generations of children”

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8
Q

Amygdala Hijack:
- what is it?
-how long does it take to reregulate?

A
  • amygdala response = Fight, Flight, Freeze
  • takes 17 minutes to re-regulate after being triggered:
    affects information processing & memory
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9
Q

how should we talk to people to avoid triggering them?

A

talk low, talk slow, talk less

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10
Q

Mirror neurons
- what do they do?
how does this manifest for vets?
- what defence should vets be wary of? how should we respond to trauma?

A
  • when someone else is upset, ‘triggered’, we will tend to mirror feelings / communication
  • Parallel process: vets experiencing stress in interaction get hijacked too
  • professionalism as defence: using big language, responding by rote, not really being present/ listening
  • self-awareness & practice needed to notice, respond differently (not mirroring –> escalation)
  • Talk low, talk slow, talk less: takes practice to implement in higher stress interactions!
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11
Q

Trauma Informed Care/Practices
- move from thinking what to what?

A

move from thinking ‘What is wrong with you?’ to considering ‘What happened to you?
<><><>
* Awareness of the impacts of violence & victimization2
* From judgement & blame → understanding & compassion

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12
Q

The Four Rs of Trauma Informed Care

A
  1. realize - the widespread impact
  2. recognize - the symptoms and signs
  3. respond - by fully integrating knowledge about trauma
  4. resist re-traumatization
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13
Q

TIC in veterinary medicine
- Important to recognize & respond to trauma in what creatures?

A

a) In (human) clients
b) In (animal) patients
c) Within veterinary teams

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14
Q

what is our job as vets in dealing with trauma in coowkers, clients, etc

A

understand and support, not treat

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15
Q

If you recognize & respond to trauma in human clients, what are they more likley to do?

A
  • If they feel supported & safe
  • In positive & non-judgmental
    interactions/ environment
    → more open to learning about resources
    → more likely to take advice & instruction about animal needs & wellbeing
    ∴ improve living conditions for animals
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16
Q

BPs in social services/medicine:

A
  • non-judgmental
  • meeting a person where they are
  • strengths-based
  • building trusting relationships
  • collaborate on treatment plans
  • supportive & respectful follow-up
  • clear communication
17
Q

stigmatized vs trauma-informed thinking
- examples

A

STIGMATIZED
* They are being manipulative
* They are being resistant
* They don’t care about their
animals
* They are difficult
* They are ignorant
* They can’t take care of their animals
<><><>
TRAUMA INFORMED
* They may have had previous negative experiences where they felt unsafe, unheard, or unsupported
* They are trying to connect in the best way they know how
* They have skills that have allowed them to look after their animal so far
* We have not been able to engage them in a manner in which they feel safe

18
Q

what can lead to re-traumatization?

A

systemic factors
- being treated as a number
- being seen as a label
- no choice in treatment
<><>
relationship factors
- not being seen
- violating trust
- noncollaborative

19
Q

whats a trigger?

A
  • Trigger: “something that raises a memory of trauma or transports a person in their mind
    back to the original traumatic event”
    → smell, phrase, sound, interaction, clothing, body language
  • E.g. trauma from authority/ agencies: uniform, types of language, etc. can be re-traumatizing
20
Q

triggering language vs better language

A

Potentially triggering
- you should/ m ust / have to
- im going to educate you on proper practices
<><><>
better
- If you ______, some of the benefits are ___
- I’m going to share some information that will help you …

21
Q

Trauma informed practices

A
  • safety
  • choice
  • collaboration
  • trustworthiness
  • empowerment
22
Q

trauma can arise in aniamls due to:

A

abuse, isolation, forced removal from family, sustained deprivation, unnatural environments

23
Q

symptoms of truma in animal patients

A

Symptoms: abnormal startle response, depression, unpredictable asocial behaviour, hyperaggression

24
Q

Feline Interstitial Cystitis relationship to trauma / pathogenesis

A
  • Stress mediated urinary disorder
  • Affected cats have altered neurohormonal response to stress
  • Parallels to humans with PTSD and intergenerational trauma inheritance
  • Stress management/environmental enrichment are best approaches to reduce recurrence
25
Q

how can we interact with animals in a trauma sensitive way

A
  • Careful communication: listening to them
  • Respecting their agency
26
Q

how can trauma avoidance affect a worker?

A

“can interfere with a worker’s ability
to provide an emotionally safe environment, increasing the risk of the person accessing services being further traumatized and compromising animal safety”

27
Q

how can we cultivate resilience to trauma

A

Cultivating resilience
→ self-care, mindfulness
→ resilience training
→ cultures of care

28
Q

Trauma Exposure Response

A
  • Feelinghopeless&helpless
  • Asensethatonecannever
    do enough
  • Chronicexhaustion/physical
    ailments
  • Inabilitytolisten/deliberate
    avoidance
  • Dissociativemoments
  • Hypervigilance
  • Diminishedcreativity
  • Inabilitytoembrace
    complexity (right & wrong,
    “us” & “them” thinking)
  • Anger&cynicism(negative
    thinking)
  • Minimizing
  • Senseofpersecution
  • Guilt&fear
  • Inabilitytoempathize
  • Addictions
  • Grandiosity
29
Q

Trauma-informed organizations
“place a priority on teaching skills in the following areas to clients, patients, residents and staff:

A

● Self-soothing
● Self-trust
● Self-compassion
● Self-regulation
● Limit setting
● Communicating needs & desires
● Accurate perception of others”

30
Q

Creating a climate of hope & resilience
- how do we do it

A
  • Acknowledge their ability to survive/ grow from adversity
  • Acknowledge the strength it takes to get to where they
    currently are
  • Refer to client as “someone who has experienced trauma,” & who is more than what has happened to them
  • Focus on healing & recovery as “possible”
  • Move beyond survival to a healing process; let the client
    decide what their path to healing consists of
  • Let the client know that you believe in them & support their efforts to heal
31
Q

How to practice Trauma Informed Care

A

Talk low, talk slow, talk less
<><>
* transparency, non-judgemental & non-triggering language
* collaborative approach | shared agenda o assess client understandings of topics o chunk & check
o assess client preferences, e.g.:
§ Do you like lots of information, or more of a big picture?
§ Does your animal prefer X or Y?
§ What does success look like for you?

32
Q

Key take aways for trauma informed care

A
  • all people want to feel seen, heard, & like they matter
  • not us & them – us! Co-regulation | talk low, talk slow |
    talk less
  • TIC isn’t something you put on & take off – practice beneficial for all clients/patients, & for ourselves
  • what you’re already doing is great: just do it with intention & practice responses
  • importance of taking care of yourself: your wellbeing is a key tool in your toolbox that allows you to do your job
33
Q

Skills: how to practice Trauma Informed Care
- what is the trauma cube

A
  • observations
  • thought
  • feelings
  • wants

3. AVM III 2 (15 decks)

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